The Salutation" Tavern" And Its Vicinity.

trict of Smithfield . Few who pass along Newgate-street on foofc or in a conveyance , can have the faintest idea of what it was between thirty and forty years ago . On market days it was a matter of the greatest difficulty to move along without being charged by one or nioreof the innumerable butcher tribe who were moving rapidly about in all directions with the carcases of sheep or pigs or other dead meat

on their backs , and who took a grim pleasure in jostling against respectable passers by . Not nufreqnently ronnd towards Giltspurstreefc the scene was varied by a mad ohace after some infuriated ox , which , goaded to desperation by the brutal treatment of its drover , charged indiscriminately , in the direction it happened to take , whatover or whoever had the misfortune to get in its way . Ono day in

the week by tho corner that rounded off towards the Old Bailey wet-e enacted for a long term of years many harrowing scones , when in tho presence of immense and mostly disreputable crowds , gathered from all parts of London , some one or more poor wretches were publicly launched into eternity in order to vindicate the majesty of tho law and to serve as a warning to all evil doers . Again , at one particular

season of the year—towards the end of the month of September—the locality that lay to the north and north-west of tho street was all mad with excitement attending the great Bartlemy Fair , while to the north-east lay the busy neighbourhood of St . Martin ' s-le-Grand , with tbe General Post Office and its crowd of carts and ooaohea and twopenny post boys all waiting to take their part in the

dispatch of Her Majesty s mails . On the north side , facing the street , bnt lying considerably back , may be seen the Great Hall of Christ's Hospital , and other of the buildings forming part of that ancient abode of learning , while at regular intervals during the day pasgangers may catch a glimpse through the large iron gates of its blue-coated and yellow-stockinged inmates engaged in their favourite

sports and pastimes . These were orareamongtheprincipal sights of the neighbourhood , but there were many others within literally a stone ' s throw , suoh as the Giltspur-street Compter , the rear of which looked down into the Hall Playground of Christ ' s Hospital ; Snow-hill , with Field-lane , reminding us of many wretched scenes in " Oliver Twist ;" and Warwick-lane—deriving its name from a mansion that once stood

there belonging to the Earl of Warwick—and many other narrow lanes leading directly or indirectly into Paternoster-row , the home of the booksellers and publishers , St . Paul's churchyard , or round into Cheapside , & o . By Butcher Hall-lane it was only a short cut into Little Britain—another spot once dear to the publishing fraternityand thence into Aldersgate-street . In fact , there was hardly a

turning in the neighbourhood which did not conduct you with more or less speed to the scene of some well-known event or to places which once upon a time had been made famous by reason of their association with public men of notoriety , or Societies or Institutions which had played an important part in the history of our great city . But what principally interests us is tbe social life of the

neighbourhood . It is no doubt a fact well worthy of our recollection that in the old Hall of the College of Physicians which stood , as does its successor erected by Wren , in Warwick-lane , the great Hervey lectured on his grand discovery of tho Circulation of the Blood . It is interesting to be told that Bath-street owes its name to the fact of there having been in it n bagnio or Turkish bath , which was opened in 1679 . This

bagnio is described by Strype as " a neat contrived building , after the Turkish mode , seated in a large handsome yard , and at the upper end of Pincock-lane , which is indifferent well built , and inhabited . " We are also told by the same authority that it was much resorted to for sweating , being found very good for aches , & c , and approved of by our physicians . Hutton , too , writing about the same time , speaks

of it as being a very spacious and commodious place for sweating , hot bathing , and cupping , and with a temperature of eighteen degrees of heat . The roof was of a cupola shape and the walls set with Dutch tiles . The charge was four shillings a person , and there were special days for ladies . There are other matters of a like character which might be recorded of this

neighbourhood and are assuredly most interesting ; but we confess that , in this instance , at all events , we are Goths enough to prefer bearing in mind and recoiding that it was at the " Three Jolly Pigeons , " in Butcher Hall Lane , that was formerly held the Cauliflower Cub , so largely patronised by the booksellers of Paternoster Row . The permanent secretary of this clnb was Mr . Christopher Brown , an

assistant of Mr . Thomas Longman , who—we refer to the assistant , not the principal—delighted in his glass of punch , his pipe , and a song . The cauliflower that was painted on the ceiling of the club-room was intended to represent the cauliflower head on the gallon of porter , which was paid for by every member who sat under it at his initiation . It is only ten years since there was sold by public auction a

relic of this club , in the shape of the president ' s chair , which was an exquisite piece of Chippendale workmanship standing only two inches short of five feet high , and adorned with a splendidly carved cauliflower . Again it was at the King ' s Head , Ivy Lane , that Dr . Johnson established one of his earliest clubs for literary discussion , among its chief members being Mr . ( afterwards Dr . ) John Hawksworfcb , Mr . John

Payne , a bookseller , and afterwards chief accountant of the Bank , Dr . Edmund Barker , Dr . Eichard Bathurst , and Mr ., afterwards Sir , John Hawkins . But what chiefly concerns us at the moment is the Salutation Tavern , in Newgate Street itself , the successor of an hostelry which long enjoyed a high reputation as the resort of literary men of the last century . We stated on a former occasion that the

old house , which went by the name of the" Salutation and Cat , " was formerl y the scene of many a joyous gathering of Masons , sundry of our old Lod ges having formerly been held in it ; but a still more interesting association connected with the old building will be found in the fact that it w =. s at this same tavern that the peet Coleridge lived in strict seclusion for a time , nntil his whereabouts was discovered by Southey .

Here , t . o , it waa that Coleridge , when in London on a visit from the University , was in the habit of meeting Charles Lamb . The selection of such a house was very natural . The great public School , in which they had both spent so many years of their boyhood , was within Bl ght of the house they frequented , and it may be had not been quite unknown to them in the days when they were clad in their Blue Coat

The Salutation" Tavern" And Its Vicinity.

dress . The late Judge Talfourd , in the lifo of Lamb , makes mention of these meetings , nnd tho enthusiasm that was kindled in the mind of Charles Lamb by his association with the elder Bine ; nor does ho fail to quote from the recollections of tho junior tho pleasure as well as the enthusiasm which resulted from these friendly conversations . " When I read in yonr little volume , " qnotes Talfourd ,

" your nineteenth effusion , or what you call ' The Si ^ 'h , ' I think I hear you again . I imagine to myself the little smoky door at tho Salutation and Cat , where wo have sat together through the winter nights , beguiling the cares of life with poesy . " Many years have elapsed , the smoky room has disappeared with the rest of the old tavern , and its place is now occupied by one of tho finest hoslelrios in

London , of whioh Bro . Edward Liebmann , Urban Lodge , No . 1196 , is the proprietor , with such wealth and variety of accommodation as would have frightened the two old distinguished Blues , and summarily estopped them from " beguiling the cares of life with poesy . " But if the old tavern , with its small and dingy apartments , has given place

to a new and splendid building , fitting and arranged in such a manner as to minister most completely to our present ideas of comfort , the old spirit of hospitality still remains , and there is a hearty Salutation of welcome to every one who enters within the tavern which bears a part of the old familiar name . ( To be continued ) .

National Refuge Harbours.

NATIONAL REFUGE HARBOURS .

A DISCUSSION on this subject will shortly take place in the House of Lords , on the motion of Lord Waveney , Chairman of the Committees of the National Refuge Harbours Society . A public meeting of this Society will also take placo at the Town Hall , Kensington , at the suggestion of the Hon . and Rev . E . Carr Glynn , Vicar of the Parish , at which a most eminent nobleman will be asked to preside , and where , at any rato , many very influential authorities

have promised to speak . Those who desire to save the lives of our Sailors and Fishermen are earnestly asked to support these efforts , without a moment ' s delay , by petitions to the Houses of Lords and Commons , by subscribing to the funds of the Society , or by every other means in their power , forms of which petition will be sent by return of post , with a report of the

speeches at the Mansion House , on writing to Mr . F . Johnson , 17 Parliament Street , London ( the Founder of this Society ) , and of which petitions upwards of 150 have already been presented . The Rev . Canon Prothero , Chaplain to the Queen , the Rev . J . Storr , Vicar of St . Peters , Eaton Square , His Excellency Cardinal Manning , the Vicars of Lynn , Cromer , Winchelseo , Langham , Lydd , and many

other Clergymen and Ministers have already promised to advocate this cause of humanity from their pulpits , and to givo offertories to the Society . It is considered by those who study national defences that the sacrifice of the lives of so many , who are a first bulwark to the safety of this country , is , to an appreciable extent , jeopardising the prosperity and even the existence of this Kingdom as an independent

nation . ~ A certain number of convicts are yet engaged as farm labourers and in certain trades , with disadvantage to the State . These might all be better engaged upon National Harbours , as one of the resources by which work of this nature might be accomplished , instead of interfering , as sometimes at present , with trade and labour , earning

about one-half the amount of money it costs to maintain them , and their wives and families being sometimes snpported by their parishes . Convicts alone are not , however , a sufficient resource , or suitable for some places , and a grant of some of that money , unprofitably spent on other matters , should be devoted to the safety of our Sailors and Fishermen , the protection of our commerce , and to preserve our

national independence . It is difficult to imagine a subject of more serious importance to this country . The time for Commissions and Committees has gone by , and the work should be set about without any further delay . The French nation is constructing harbours to shelter its navy and encourage her fishing industry and mercantile service , and the latter

is receiving additional encouragement in the shape of large bounties from the Government . If the English nation desires to maintain its maritime supremacy and its commerce , it is time to set to work to put its house in order , or it may be too late . It will be well for constituents to watch tbe actions of their Members of Parliament ( irrespective of party politics ) in this matter , and to take care that thoy do their duty .

Under the authority of the R . W . Provincial Grand Master , a very useful Masonic Calendar for the Province of Hampshire and the Isle of Wight has been compiled and issued by Bro . J . E . LeFenvre P . M ., the Prov . Grand Secretary . The information has been very carefully arranged , and forms a complete record of Masonic preferment in tho Province from 1832 to the present date , the names of

all the Officers and dates of office being given . The list of Lodges in the Province is arranged in order of seniority , with an alphabetical reference , and includes the names of all present Officers and Past Masters ; tho same information being afforded with regard to the Chapters , the Mark Lodges , and other degrees in the Province .

The Calendar proper is dated from 1 st March , and opposite each date the Lodges are specified whoso regular meetings take place . Some interesting statistics are added , relating to the Masonic Charities , with the numbers of the votes held by the different Lodges . The work occupies 136 pages of 16 mo size , and has been neatly printed by Mr . A . J . Dyer , Southampton . —Portsmouth Times .

The Woidenslanfer Piano manufactory of Berlin will exhibit at the International Exhibition , Crystal Palace , London , five new model Pianos , ono in the Old English style ,