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Article UNITED GRAND LODGE. ← Page 2 of 3 Article UNITED GRAND LODGE. Page 2 of 3 →
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United Grand Lodge.
While I know that words are powerless to alleviate distress , it is something in the hour of affliction to feel lhat the voice cl friends and the sympathy of friends are extended towards us and among the numerous friends whose sympathy has been extended to him I feel there could be none more earnest than those of the Freemasons of England over whom under the Grand Master , he has ruled for a long series of years . Brethren ,
we extend to him that earnest sympathy , and we hope that time may alleviate lhat distress which has so unfortunatel y occurred on this occasion . Brethren , I can only express my earnest hope that the sympathy of his Masonic brethren which has been so largely extended towards him may show him that the happy manner in which he has ruled over the Craft is not forgotten by them , and that he may meet with the earnest sympathy on
the part of his Masonic brethren which his past conduct so well merits . ( Hear , hear . ) Brethren , I know how many of us have been associated with him in past years , how many of us would desire to express our sympathy , and that in all parts of the Kindgom , I am sure , one hearty sympathy of wail will go up which will be happily expressed by the Grand Lodge this evening if you , the representatives of the Freemasons of England , give due
assent to the resolution which I shal ! have the honour to propose to you : " That this Grand Lodge desires to express its heartfelt condolence and earnest sympathy with the Pro Grand Master in the calamity which has overtaken him in the distressing bereavement he has sustained by the lamentable death of the Countess of Lathom and to earnestly pray that it may please the Great Architect of the Universe to sustain him in the time of sorrow . "
Bro . T . F . HALSEY , M . P ., Prov . G . M . Herts : M . W . G . M . in the Chair , —It falls to my duty , occupying the position I do this evening ( acting Deputy Grand Master ) , to rise and second the motion which you , sir , have in such elcquent terms proposed ; and , brethren , I feel that in the face of a great calamity such as this , the natural silence one feels is so powerful that words are taken away . I feel especially on this occasion that it is difficult
to add to the eloquence in which you , sir , the acting Grand Master , have proposed this motion . I may say this—that there may be some additional fitness in the fact that it has fallen to my lot to second the resolution on this occasion , because I happen to preside over that province which is the birthplace of that gracious lady whose loss we all so deeply deplore , and I am sure I am expressing the feelings of the brethren of ths province , a ; well as the whole of the brethren who are now in the Craft , in most sincerely
seconding the resolution which you have proposed . Brethren , —I feel that on this occasion it is difficult to find words to express the sympathy with which we greet our M . W . Pro G . M . You , sir , have already alluded to his kindness , his geniality , and his courtesy and friendliness which have endeared him to us , and I venture to say to every member of the Craft . I feel I can say no more—that any additional words might detract from the deep and heartfelt feelings we ail have when we carry this vote of condolence to our M . W . Pro G . M .
Bro . the Rev . C . J . MARTYN , Past G . Chap .: M . W . G . M . in the chair , —May I , as perhaps one cf the oldest of the Masonic friends of the Pro G . M . —for he was initiated a few weeks after myself — be allowed to support the motion so gracefully and eloquently made and seconded . I am sure lhe heart of every Mason in England will go out to Lord Lathom in the terrible affliction which has befallen him by those who had the
privilege—and I use the word privilege advisedly—of knowing the Countess of Lathom , any txpressicn of sjmpalby we could give to Lord Lathom cannot be overrated . It is impossible to conceive that any person occupying the position Lady Lathom did so many years could have more endeared herself to even one , rich and poor , than she did , and to-morrow , when we have all
of us to meet as a great assembly in St . Paul ' s Cathedral , 1 think I may , as the oldest Past Grand Chaplain , trust that everyone who is there offering prayers to the Great Architect of the Universe , will add also a prayer on behalf of our distinguished brother , the Earl of Lathom , to grant him resignation and comfort in the hour of his affliction .
Bro . BEACH : Brethren , — I ask you lo assent to this resolution in the usual way . The resolution was carried unanimously . Bro . Surg .-Lieut .-CoI . HENRvW . KIALLMARK , P . M . 16 8 2033 2410 , ? . Z ., G . Std . Br . Royal Arch , then rose and said : M . W . G . M . in the chair , —I rise for the purpose of giving notice that at the next Quarterly
Communication of Grand Lodge 1 shall have the honour to propose that his Royal Highness Albert Edward Prince cf Wales be re-elected M . W . G . M . of Freemasons of England for the ensuing 12 months . " This is not lhe time to do more than to give formal notice of my intention , I hope the brethren will support this resclution though I can hardly think it requires any words of mine to commend it to their notice . 1 therefore nominate the Prince of
Wales in the terms I have already mentioned . ( Hear , hear . ) Bro . WM . WOODWARD , P . M . 1920 , P . P . G . Supt . cf Woiks Surrey Most Worshipful Grand Master in the chair , Grand Officers and brethren , it affords me very much pleasure indeed to nominate for the position of Grand Treasurer , my esteemed friend and brother , Lieut .-Col . Clifford Piobjn . It will be in the recollection of the Grand Lodge that on the last
cccasion of this election Bro . Prcb ) n withdrew in order that there mi ght be no opposition to the distinguished brother who now occupies the post and 1 think that course commends itself to the brethren in general . As on that occasion I set forth the various Masonic qualifications which I thought entitled Bro . Probyn lo that oflice , I am quite su e that this evening it will not be desired by the brethren that I should occupy their time any further by going through those various qual . fications again . It is enough for me to
s & y that our Bro . Clifford Probyn belongs to many lodges , is a founder cf many of them both in the Craft and Arch and that he is a patron of the Beys' School , Girls' Schcol , and Benevolent Institution , and that he is also a Lieutenant-Cclonel in the volunteers . ( Laughter . ) M . W . Grand Master in the chair and brethren , I therefore conclude by nominating this distinguished brother ( or the high office ol Grand Treasurer for which he will have the support of the brethren on this occasion .
H . R . H . the Prince of Wales having re-appointed Bro . James Henry Matthews as Piesident of the Board of Benevolence , Bro . Matthews was re-invested as such by Bro . W . W . B . Beach , ac . ing G . M . B .-os . Mercer and Cottebrune were elected Vic a-Presidents .
The report of the Bjard of Benevolence for the months of September , October , and November was then read by the GRAND SECRETARY , and , on the motion of Bro . MATTHEWS , President , seconded by Bro . D . D . MERCER , Senior Vice-President , the grants recommended to Grand Lod ge—as published in the Freemason last week—were unanimously confirmed .
United Grand Lodge.
Bro . E . Letchworth , Grand Secretary , at thir . point retired from Grand Lodge . The report of the Board of General Purposes— as already publishedwas , on the . motion of Bro . R . LOVELAND LOVELAND , O . C ., President , seconded by Bro . W . J . MASON , Vice-President , taken as read , and ordered to be received and entered on the minu ' es .
Bro . R . LOVELAND LOVELAND , in bringing forward the recommendation of the Board that the Grand Secretary ' s salary be raised to . £ 1250 and by annual increments to ^' 1500 , said it would be in the minds of all the brethren that when the late Grand Secretary was taken from them by death the salary awarded to that office was _ £ iooo per annum ; and after the lamentable event of the death of Col . Shadwell Clerke it was found very
difficult to discover a brother who had all the necessary qualifications for the office . At the meeting of the Board of General Purposes on November i 6 lh , 1892 , the following resolution was passed : "That the Board , taking into consideration the peculiar nature and the qualifications for the ollice of the Grand Secretary , the important duties he is called upon to perform , and that there is no pension on retirement ,
recommend that the salary of the Grand Secretary shall commence at £ 1000 , rising by £$ 0 , . £ 75 , or ^ 100 per annum , to the maximum of , £ 1500 . " Exception was taken to that at the time , but , after discussion , it was thought that until they knew who would be appointed , the Board would not pledge itself to recommend that amount ; therefore , the resolution which was submitted to Grand Lodge was that the appointment should be at £ 1000 per
annum . Having regard to this resolution , it was put to Bro . Letchworth , the present Grand Secretary , whether he would take the position . At that time Bro . Letchworth was a solicitor in very large practice , holding many appointments of value , and he was , therefore , called upon to relinquish everything at a moment ' s notice . However , he agreed to accept the combined offices of Grand Secretary of
the Craft and Grand Scribe E . of the Rjyal Arch . He had now held thise offices for six years , and the Bjard ventured to think that the time ha 1 now arrived when ihey might fairly ask Grand Lodge to reconsider his position . ( Hear , hear . ) Regarding the increase of work he wjuld say lhe number of letters now sent from the Grand Secretary ' s offi ' . e had increised since he had been there by no less than 60 per cent ., and the postage had
risen from £ igo to £ 270 for the last year . Since his appointment warrants had been granted for 228 new lodges and charters for 104 koyal Arch chapters , of which many have been consecrated by him . The Grand Secretary was now in charge of 3111 lodges and chapters distributed over London and 117 distinct provinces or districts in England and Wales and in the Colonies . In addition to all the official work the G . Secretary was unceasingly called
upon to advise brethren in all parts of the world on every conceivable subje : t ef Masonic law and practice , or ritual , or history , or pecuniary relief , and was moreover correspondent from time to time with other Grand Lodges recognised by this Grand Lodge . Before sitting down he would like to read a few extracts from a letter of the Grand Registrar who was absent on what he considered touching on the qualification of the Grand Secretary . He said " the Grand Secretary has to maintain the Order in its position far
superior than any ordinary Secretary . He must be a gentleman and one whom we could depute to the Grand Master—a persona grata in high quarters . He must be in touch with all great people . " He ventured to think that in the Grand Secretary they had a brother who had all those qualifications . That being so , he did not hesitate to lay before them the recommendation for their approval . Bro . W . J . MASON , Vice-President of thc Board of General Purposes , seconded the motion .
Bro . BEACH said the recommendation was that the salary of the Grand Secretary be raised to £ 1250 and by annual increases of , £ 50 a year to the maximum sum of ^ 1500 . B-o . R . EVE , P . G . Treas ., said he might be considered lo be in an invidious position , but he was going to lay before Grand Lodge a few facts and to ask the brethren not to decide the question that night . Notice of
the question only came to the brethren on Sunday last , and many brethren in the country were not aware of the proposition . It might be a proper thing to lay before them , and it might be a proper thing for them to act upon at some future meeting of the Grand Lodge , but he telt that it should not be simply placed before them on only four days' notice . If the salary was to be increased at all let it be done unanimously by the brethren , but
there were those who felt that £ 1000 per annum was ample salary for the Grand Secretary . ( Hear , hear and " no , no . " ) There were provinces that had a different way of thinking from those who brought the matter forward , and they should postpone the matter and consider it at the next Grand Lodge . If it was necessary lhat the Grand Secretary ' s salary should be increased the Board had no occasion to fear that it would not be increased ,
but the amount proposed was an exorbitant inc ease , and ought not to pass unchallenged . He had no feeling adverse to the Grand Secretary , but his opinion was that £ 1000 was a splendid salary , and he would give his reason for that view . Bro . HORTON SMITH , Q . C , rose to order . Bro . Eve said he had not had notice ; but he was a member of the Bjard , and must have known what was taking place .
Bro . EVE said that might be so , but that did not prevent him from doing what he considered to be his duty to the Craft . Bro . Col . Shadwell Cleiki had £ IOOO per annum when he died , and how he had served Grand Lodge faithfully and well the brethren knew . Bro . Shadwell Clerke started with ; £ goo a year , which was increased from time to time . Wh J could say that thete could be any bitter Grand Secretary than Bio . Shadwell Cleike ? He
was a splendid officer ; he could not only pt rform the duties of his office , but he had a judicial mind , which he worked and brought to bear for the general good of the Craft . if Bro , Clerke was only worth £ 1000 a year , why should the brother wh 3 succeeded him be started with , £ 1000 when he was unacquainted with the duties ? If Bro . Letchworth , after holding the office some time , was worth /' rooo a year , he was not against an increass ; but he in
was against an increase from £ 1000 till it got up to ^ 1500 five years . He would have been content with an increase 10 ^ 1250 , and then left the Grand Secretary to apply to Grand Lodge at the end of five years to have an increase . They were increasing the salaries beyond the proportion in which they were raised before . (" No , no . " ) In 18 73 a proposition
was made , that there should be an increase , not in the Grand Secretary ' s salary , but in the salaries of the various clerks . He then suggested that the question should be canvassed among the brethren . He was d jing something of the same kind now . If they desired to enlarge the Grand Secretary ' s salary they could do it . They had a good Grand Secretary ; he was a very good Grand Secretary . ( Loud Cheers . ) In 1873 , the annual income 01
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software.
United Grand Lodge.
While I know that words are powerless to alleviate distress , it is something in the hour of affliction to feel lhat the voice cl friends and the sympathy of friends are extended towards us and among the numerous friends whose sympathy has been extended to him I feel there could be none more earnest than those of the Freemasons of England over whom under the Grand Master , he has ruled for a long series of years . Brethren ,
we extend to him that earnest sympathy , and we hope that time may alleviate lhat distress which has so unfortunatel y occurred on this occasion . Brethren , I can only express my earnest hope that the sympathy of his Masonic brethren which has been so largely extended towards him may show him that the happy manner in which he has ruled over the Craft is not forgotten by them , and that he may meet with the earnest sympathy on
the part of his Masonic brethren which his past conduct so well merits . ( Hear , hear . ) Brethren , I know how many of us have been associated with him in past years , how many of us would desire to express our sympathy , and that in all parts of the Kindgom , I am sure , one hearty sympathy of wail will go up which will be happily expressed by the Grand Lodge this evening if you , the representatives of the Freemasons of England , give due
assent to the resolution which I shal ! have the honour to propose to you : " That this Grand Lodge desires to express its heartfelt condolence and earnest sympathy with the Pro Grand Master in the calamity which has overtaken him in the distressing bereavement he has sustained by the lamentable death of the Countess of Lathom and to earnestly pray that it may please the Great Architect of the Universe to sustain him in the time of sorrow . "
Bro . T . F . HALSEY , M . P ., Prov . G . M . Herts : M . W . G . M . in the Chair , —It falls to my duty , occupying the position I do this evening ( acting Deputy Grand Master ) , to rise and second the motion which you , sir , have in such elcquent terms proposed ; and , brethren , I feel that in the face of a great calamity such as this , the natural silence one feels is so powerful that words are taken away . I feel especially on this occasion that it is difficult
to add to the eloquence in which you , sir , the acting Grand Master , have proposed this motion . I may say this—that there may be some additional fitness in the fact that it has fallen to my lot to second the resolution on this occasion , because I happen to preside over that province which is the birthplace of that gracious lady whose loss we all so deeply deplore , and I am sure I am expressing the feelings of the brethren of ths province , a ; well as the whole of the brethren who are now in the Craft , in most sincerely
seconding the resolution which you have proposed . Brethren , —I feel that on this occasion it is difficult to find words to express the sympathy with which we greet our M . W . Pro G . M . You , sir , have already alluded to his kindness , his geniality , and his courtesy and friendliness which have endeared him to us , and I venture to say to every member of the Craft . I feel I can say no more—that any additional words might detract from the deep and heartfelt feelings we ail have when we carry this vote of condolence to our M . W . Pro G . M .
Bro . the Rev . C . J . MARTYN , Past G . Chap .: M . W . G . M . in the chair , —May I , as perhaps one cf the oldest of the Masonic friends of the Pro G . M . —for he was initiated a few weeks after myself — be allowed to support the motion so gracefully and eloquently made and seconded . I am sure lhe heart of every Mason in England will go out to Lord Lathom in the terrible affliction which has befallen him by those who had the
privilege—and I use the word privilege advisedly—of knowing the Countess of Lathom , any txpressicn of sjmpalby we could give to Lord Lathom cannot be overrated . It is impossible to conceive that any person occupying the position Lady Lathom did so many years could have more endeared herself to even one , rich and poor , than she did , and to-morrow , when we have all
of us to meet as a great assembly in St . Paul ' s Cathedral , 1 think I may , as the oldest Past Grand Chaplain , trust that everyone who is there offering prayers to the Great Architect of the Universe , will add also a prayer on behalf of our distinguished brother , the Earl of Lathom , to grant him resignation and comfort in the hour of his affliction .
Bro . BEACH : Brethren , — I ask you lo assent to this resolution in the usual way . The resolution was carried unanimously . Bro . Surg .-Lieut .-CoI . HENRvW . KIALLMARK , P . M . 16 8 2033 2410 , ? . Z ., G . Std . Br . Royal Arch , then rose and said : M . W . G . M . in the chair , —I rise for the purpose of giving notice that at the next Quarterly
Communication of Grand Lodge 1 shall have the honour to propose that his Royal Highness Albert Edward Prince cf Wales be re-elected M . W . G . M . of Freemasons of England for the ensuing 12 months . " This is not lhe time to do more than to give formal notice of my intention , I hope the brethren will support this resclution though I can hardly think it requires any words of mine to commend it to their notice . 1 therefore nominate the Prince of
Wales in the terms I have already mentioned . ( Hear , hear . ) Bro . WM . WOODWARD , P . M . 1920 , P . P . G . Supt . cf Woiks Surrey Most Worshipful Grand Master in the chair , Grand Officers and brethren , it affords me very much pleasure indeed to nominate for the position of Grand Treasurer , my esteemed friend and brother , Lieut .-Col . Clifford Piobjn . It will be in the recollection of the Grand Lodge that on the last
cccasion of this election Bro . Prcb ) n withdrew in order that there mi ght be no opposition to the distinguished brother who now occupies the post and 1 think that course commends itself to the brethren in general . As on that occasion I set forth the various Masonic qualifications which I thought entitled Bro . Probyn lo that oflice , I am quite su e that this evening it will not be desired by the brethren that I should occupy their time any further by going through those various qual . fications again . It is enough for me to
s & y that our Bro . Clifford Probyn belongs to many lodges , is a founder cf many of them both in the Craft and Arch and that he is a patron of the Beys' School , Girls' Schcol , and Benevolent Institution , and that he is also a Lieutenant-Cclonel in the volunteers . ( Laughter . ) M . W . Grand Master in the chair and brethren , I therefore conclude by nominating this distinguished brother ( or the high office ol Grand Treasurer for which he will have the support of the brethren on this occasion .
H . R . H . the Prince of Wales having re-appointed Bro . James Henry Matthews as Piesident of the Board of Benevolence , Bro . Matthews was re-invested as such by Bro . W . W . B . Beach , ac . ing G . M . B .-os . Mercer and Cottebrune were elected Vic a-Presidents .
The report of the Bjard of Benevolence for the months of September , October , and November was then read by the GRAND SECRETARY , and , on the motion of Bro . MATTHEWS , President , seconded by Bro . D . D . MERCER , Senior Vice-President , the grants recommended to Grand Lod ge—as published in the Freemason last week—were unanimously confirmed .
United Grand Lodge.
Bro . E . Letchworth , Grand Secretary , at thir . point retired from Grand Lodge . The report of the Board of General Purposes— as already publishedwas , on the . motion of Bro . R . LOVELAND LOVELAND , O . C ., President , seconded by Bro . W . J . MASON , Vice-President , taken as read , and ordered to be received and entered on the minu ' es .
Bro . R . LOVELAND LOVELAND , in bringing forward the recommendation of the Board that the Grand Secretary ' s salary be raised to . £ 1250 and by annual increments to ^' 1500 , said it would be in the minds of all the brethren that when the late Grand Secretary was taken from them by death the salary awarded to that office was _ £ iooo per annum ; and after the lamentable event of the death of Col . Shadwell Clerke it was found very
difficult to discover a brother who had all the necessary qualifications for the office . At the meeting of the Board of General Purposes on November i 6 lh , 1892 , the following resolution was passed : "That the Board , taking into consideration the peculiar nature and the qualifications for the ollice of the Grand Secretary , the important duties he is called upon to perform , and that there is no pension on retirement ,
recommend that the salary of the Grand Secretary shall commence at £ 1000 , rising by £$ 0 , . £ 75 , or ^ 100 per annum , to the maximum of , £ 1500 . " Exception was taken to that at the time , but , after discussion , it was thought that until they knew who would be appointed , the Board would not pledge itself to recommend that amount ; therefore , the resolution which was submitted to Grand Lodge was that the appointment should be at £ 1000 per
annum . Having regard to this resolution , it was put to Bro . Letchworth , the present Grand Secretary , whether he would take the position . At that time Bro . Letchworth was a solicitor in very large practice , holding many appointments of value , and he was , therefore , called upon to relinquish everything at a moment ' s notice . However , he agreed to accept the combined offices of Grand Secretary of
the Craft and Grand Scribe E . of the Rjyal Arch . He had now held thise offices for six years , and the Bjard ventured to think that the time ha 1 now arrived when ihey might fairly ask Grand Lodge to reconsider his position . ( Hear , hear . ) Regarding the increase of work he wjuld say lhe number of letters now sent from the Grand Secretary ' s offi ' . e had increised since he had been there by no less than 60 per cent ., and the postage had
risen from £ igo to £ 270 for the last year . Since his appointment warrants had been granted for 228 new lodges and charters for 104 koyal Arch chapters , of which many have been consecrated by him . The Grand Secretary was now in charge of 3111 lodges and chapters distributed over London and 117 distinct provinces or districts in England and Wales and in the Colonies . In addition to all the official work the G . Secretary was unceasingly called
upon to advise brethren in all parts of the world on every conceivable subje : t ef Masonic law and practice , or ritual , or history , or pecuniary relief , and was moreover correspondent from time to time with other Grand Lodges recognised by this Grand Lodge . Before sitting down he would like to read a few extracts from a letter of the Grand Registrar who was absent on what he considered touching on the qualification of the Grand Secretary . He said " the Grand Secretary has to maintain the Order in its position far
superior than any ordinary Secretary . He must be a gentleman and one whom we could depute to the Grand Master—a persona grata in high quarters . He must be in touch with all great people . " He ventured to think that in the Grand Secretary they had a brother who had all those qualifications . That being so , he did not hesitate to lay before them the recommendation for their approval . Bro . W . J . MASON , Vice-President of thc Board of General Purposes , seconded the motion .
Bro . BEACH said the recommendation was that the salary of the Grand Secretary be raised to £ 1250 and by annual increases of , £ 50 a year to the maximum sum of ^ 1500 . B-o . R . EVE , P . G . Treas ., said he might be considered lo be in an invidious position , but he was going to lay before Grand Lodge a few facts and to ask the brethren not to decide the question that night . Notice of
the question only came to the brethren on Sunday last , and many brethren in the country were not aware of the proposition . It might be a proper thing to lay before them , and it might be a proper thing for them to act upon at some future meeting of the Grand Lodge , but he telt that it should not be simply placed before them on only four days' notice . If the salary was to be increased at all let it be done unanimously by the brethren , but
there were those who felt that £ 1000 per annum was ample salary for the Grand Secretary . ( Hear , hear and " no , no . " ) There were provinces that had a different way of thinking from those who brought the matter forward , and they should postpone the matter and consider it at the next Grand Lodge . If it was necessary lhat the Grand Secretary ' s salary should be increased the Board had no occasion to fear that it would not be increased ,
but the amount proposed was an exorbitant inc ease , and ought not to pass unchallenged . He had no feeling adverse to the Grand Secretary , but his opinion was that £ 1000 was a splendid salary , and he would give his reason for that view . Bro . HORTON SMITH , Q . C , rose to order . Bro . Eve said he had not had notice ; but he was a member of the Bjard , and must have known what was taking place .
Bro . EVE said that might be so , but that did not prevent him from doing what he considered to be his duty to the Craft . Bro . Col . Shadwell Cleiki had £ IOOO per annum when he died , and how he had served Grand Lodge faithfully and well the brethren knew . Bro . Shadwell Clerke started with ; £ goo a year , which was increased from time to time . Wh J could say that thete could be any bitter Grand Secretary than Bio . Shadwell Cleike ? He
was a splendid officer ; he could not only pt rform the duties of his office , but he had a judicial mind , which he worked and brought to bear for the general good of the Craft . if Bro , Clerke was only worth £ 1000 a year , why should the brother wh 3 succeeded him be started with , £ 1000 when he was unacquainted with the duties ? If Bro . Letchworth , after holding the office some time , was worth /' rooo a year , he was not against an increass ; but he in
was against an increase from £ 1000 till it got up to ^ 1500 five years . He would have been content with an increase 10 ^ 1250 , and then left the Grand Secretary to apply to Grand Lodge at the end of five years to have an increase . They were increasing the salaries beyond the proportion in which they were raised before . (" No , no . " ) In 18 73 a proposition
was made , that there should be an increase , not in the Grand Secretary ' s salary , but in the salaries of the various clerks . He then suggested that the question should be canvassed among the brethren . He was d jing something of the same kind now . If they desired to enlarge the Grand Secretary ' s salary they could do it . They had a good Grand Secretary ; he was a very good Grand Secretary . ( Loud Cheers . ) In 1873 , the annual income 01