Science, Art, And The Drama.

Science , Art , and the Drama .

HISTORICAL PHRASES . We have preserved to us many historical sayings of famous or wellknown personages , uttered in times of action or on some important occasion . Most of these serve as landmarks of history . Some have passed into proverbs ; while others have supplied us with convenient phrases , used without regard to their original motive . Of these last we have an example from ancient history- Pyrrhus , King of Epirus , after a long and

obstinatel y contested engagement , dsfeated the Romans in the battle of Heraclea . As he viewed the battle field , where a large number of his best officers and men had fallen , he exclaimed , " Another such victory , and we are undone !"—a sentiment which has been echoed more than once in modern wars . There is another well-known saying of Augustus Cassar , pnuallv applicable to modern times . Hermann , or Arminius , a German

chief , high in favour with the Romans , became disgusted with the oppression exercised by Quintilius Varus , the Roman Governor . He induced Varus to advance his ^ army beyond the Rhine , where he suffered a most disastrous defeat , near Lippe , three legions , with all the auxiliaries , being cut off , Augustus , when he heard of it , was overwhelmed with grief , and exclaimed " Varus ! Varus ! give me back my legions . " One of the jnost historical

mots is that attributed to Louis XIV ., when 17 years of age . The President of t ^ e French Parliament , speaking of the interests of the State , was interrupted by the King with * ' L'Etat , c'est moi ! " Another version of the saying is that Louis interrupted a judge , who used the expression " The King and the State , " by saying " I am the State ! " No authentic record of the saying exists , and it is discredited by modern French historians ,

being regarded as merely symbolical of the King ' s policy—that of absolute monarchy . A remarkable utterance was that of the notorious Madame de Pompadour , the mistress of Louis XV . One day as La Tour was engaged in painting the lady ' s portrait , Louis entered the room in a state of great dejection . He had just received news of the battle of Rossbach , in which Frederick the Great had inflicted a disastrous

defeat on the combined forces of France and Austria . Madame de Pompadour told him he must not lose his spirits , because he would fall ill ; and , besides , it was no matter . " After us the deluge . " Prophetic utterance . "All is lost , save honour ! " was the announcement , in a condensed form , of Francis I . in a letter to his mother after the defeat of Pavia . Napoleon used the same expression after the battle of Waterloo .

On his arrival at tbe Elysde , three days after the battle , Caulaincourt exclaimed " All is lost ! " " Except honour , " added Napoleon . The French Revolution gave us a saying which has become a proverb . Marmontel was one day regretting the excesses of the Revolution , when Chamfort , the French satirist , asked him , " Do you think that Revolutions are made with rose water ? " Another phrase , which owed its birth to the Revolution , and

which will be inseparable from it , was that of Madame Roland . As she was being led to execution she passed the statue of Liberty , erected by the Revolutionists . Pausing a moment , and bowing gravely ] to it , she exclaimed , " O Liberty , how many crimes are committed in thy name I " At the battle of Fontenoy , one of the few battles in which the English were defeated by the French , occurred a well-known instance of politeness on

the part of the English and French Guards , which , it is almost needless to say , could only have happened in those ceremonious times . The two battalions of opposing Guards were about to join in conflict when the English commander advanced , and saluting the French commander , exclaimed , " Gentlemen of the French Guards , fire ! " The French officer , not to be outdone in politeness , returned the salute ,

and replied , " After you , gentlemen ; the French Guards never fire first ! " Upon which the English gentlemen , thinking further ceremony needless , fired with such effect as to put nearly 900 of the French gentlemen hors de combat . Somewhat costly politeness for them . The Duke' of Wellington did not stand on ceremony , when he gave his celebrated order at Waterloo , " Up , Guards , and at ' em . " This

phrase has been the accepted form of the order , although the Duke afterwards said he did not remember using such words . The Guards were lying down , beyond the crest of the hill , to escape the French fire ; and when the enemy was almost close upon them , Wellington said he very probably gave some such order as " Stand up , Guards ! " Be that as it may , " Up , Guards , and at 'em , " has become a household word , and so it will

likely remain . Waterloo has given us other well-known phrases , although doubt has been cast upon their authenticity , but this is not to be wondered at ; as in the heat and excitement of an action , exclamations , and even orders , might be imagined or misunderstood , as in the unfortunate charge of Balaclava . Wellington is said , late in the afternoon , while the fate of the day yet hung in the balance , to have pulled out his watch and muttered ,

" Blucher , or night . " Similarly , Napoleon is said to have given audible expression to his anxiety when he exclaimed , " Oh that Grouchy or night were here ! " At the close of the battle , when he saw that all was irretrievabl y lost Napoleon is said to have exclaimed : " They are mingled together ; all is lost for the present ; sauve qui pent ! " In the rout after the battle a battalion of the French Guards threw itself into square ,

sullenly determined not to flee . When summoned to surrender , General Cambronne , the commander , is said to have returned the famous reply , "The Guard dies , but never surrenders . " The battalion was cut to pieces , and Cambronne made prisoner . He afterwards denied having used the expression ; naturally , having surrendered , he would not wish to claim the use of such a fine sentiment .

A French Guardsman , who was also made prisoner , said he distinctly heard Cambronne use it twice . The phrase is now supposed to have been invented by Rougemont , a prolific French writer , in a description of the battle which he wrote for the Independant two days afterwards . Nelson , as well as Wellington , has given us some historical phrases . Each of his three great battles has its own particular motto inseparably connected with it . " Victory or Westminster Abbey" was his exclamation before the battle of the

Nile . During the battle of Copenhagen , three of the British line-of-battle shi ps became disabled , and Sir Hyde Parker , fearful for the issue , rendered doubl y doubtful by the unexpected and desperate resistance of the Danes , made the signal to leave off action . Nelson , greatly excited , exclaimed " Leave off action now ! — me if I do . You know , Foley , " turning to his

Ca ptain , " I have only one eye , and have a right to be blind sometimes ; " ^ nd , clapping his telescope to his blind eye , he added : " I really do not see jhe signal . " Presently he exclaimed " Keep my signal for close action ¥ ng—nail mine to the mast ! " ( To be continued . )

Painters And Other Artists In The Reign Of James I.

PAINTERS AND OTHER ARTISTS IN THE REIGN OF JAMES I .

{ Continued . ) Another picture of Jansen ' s is that of Lady Bowyer , daughter of Sir Anthony Ancher , whose exquisite beauty obtained for her not the poetical , but the usual name of the " Star in the East . " One picture which attracts general admiration is of Susanna Lister , painted in her wedding dress , as Lady Thornhurst , in 1626 . She was considered as the most beautiful woman

at Court when presented in marriage to Sir Geoffrey Thornhurst by James I . in person . At Sherburn Castle , in Dorsetshire , is a head of Elizabeth Wriothesly , eldest daughter of Henry , Earl of Southampton , and wife of William , Lord Spencer ; her head richly dressed , and a picture in a blue enamelled case at her breast . The picture is well coloured , though not equal to another at the same seat—a half length of her

mother , Elizabeth , daughter of John Vernon , wife of Earl Henry . Her clothes are magnificent , and the attire of her head singulara veil turned quite back . The face and hands are coloured -with incomparable lustre , and equal to anything this master executed . There is also a half-length in black satin of John Digby , first Earl of Bristol , young , and remarkably handsome . It is ascribed to Tansen , but is faintlv

coloured , and evidently in the manner of Vandyck , whom , perhaps , he imitated as well as rivalled . Jansen ' s fame declined on the arrival of Vandyck , and the civil war breaking out , Cornelius , at the importunity of his wife , quitted England . His pass is recorded in the Journals of the Commons , October 10 , 16 4 8—Ordered , that Cornelius Johnson , picture-drawer , shall have Mr . Speaker ' s warrant to pass beyond seas with Emmanuel Passe .

George Hawkins ; and to carry with him such pictures and colours , bedding , household stuff , pewter and brass , as belongs unto himself . He retired first to Midelburgh , and then to Amsterdam , where he continued to paint , and died in 1665 . His wife ' s name was Elizabeth Beck , to whom he was married in 1622 . They had a son , Cornelius , bred to his father ' s profession , which he followed in Holland , where he died ooor . beiner ruined hw

the extravagance of a second wife . The son drew the Duke of Monmouth ' s picture , as he was on the point of sailing for his unfortunate expedition to England . A sister of Cornelius Jansen , the elder , was second wife of Nicholas Russell of Bruges , jewellers to the Kings James and Charles I . They had many children . To one of the sons , born in 1619 , Cornelius Jansen was godfather , and the widow of Isaac Oliver , godmother . Theodore

Russell , an elder son , was born in 1614 , and lived nine years with his uncle , Cornelius Jansen , and afterwards with Vandyck , whose pictures he copied very tolerably on small panels ; many of them are in a private apartment at Windsor , at Warwick Castle , and in the collection of the Duchess Dowager of Argyle . Russell was chiefly employed in the country in the families of the Earls of Essex and Holland , and was a lover of his ease and his bottle . { To be continued . )

Charles Dickens And The "Daily News."

CHARLES DICKENS AND THE "DAILY NEWS . "

The retirement of Sir John Robinson , who for so many years was the heart and soul of the Daily News , is an event in the history of London journalism , because it removes from its active ranks a conspicuous figure . Started in 1846 , the Daily News was born under the editorship of Charles Dickens . Mr . Lucy , one of its latest editors , who held the reins none too successfully , may be consoled by the utter failure of his illustrious

predecessor . In the editorial chair of the Daily News Dickens was heroic . Never practical for a moment , still he was splendid . Without experience , he played his cards with the recklessness of a millionaire , who is tired of heaping up money . The famous novelist went at the Daily News like the hero of a romance . One can imagine his bright eyes flashing as he gave forth his editorial instructions , and his cheery laugh of approval as the

choicest contributions of copy came in . For four months he reigned a veritable editorial imperialist . Money flowed in like water from the proprietary coffers . Dickens spent it with a lavish appreciation of its volume . He engaged contributors right and left . There were foreign , colonial , and heaven-knows what other editors besides . It was a glorious time while it lasted . There was no niggling check upon the expenses . Men were naid

at the highest rates . The contingent of journalistic Bohemians that happened to have been commissioned by Dickens never dined better . "But it was all a mistake , a brief mistake , " as Dickens said , to cut himself off from his old pursuits at that time . Years later he proved himself a model editor of " Household Words , " in which capacity he discovered talent , and made reputations for new men .

GENERAL NOTES . There seems little doubt that Madame Patti ' s beautiful Welsh home is to be sold in June , and an immense amount of consternation has baen excited among the villagers in the Swansea Valley by the announcement . The famous diva has been a real Lady Bountiful to the poor folk in her

neighbourhood for many years . Craig-y-nos Castle is a majestic building , nestling at the foot of a high dome-shaped hill . Its interior possesses many treasures , among which are a diamond bracelet , presented to Madame Patti by the late Queen Victoria , and a picture of her Majesty framed in brilliants .

Madame Patti owns the largest piano in the world , and also has an orchestrion of which the performing powers are equal to the combined efforts of 60 performers . It is a most valuable instrument , having cost £ 3000 . 5 •* * * The stage loses a droll actor , especially in bibulous parts , bv the lamented death of Mr . Alfred Maltby . V » y

CHAUCBR AND THE CITY . —uenerous Gift . —A generous offer from Bro . Alderman Sir Reginald Hanson , Bart ., to present to the Corporation a bust of the poet Chaucer in commemoration of the 500 th anniversary of his death . Sir Reginald Hanson , in his letter to the committee , said he proposed entrusting the work to Mr . Frampton , A . R . A who had already done much good work for the Corp oration , and his views were strongly in favour of the mingling of marble and bronze . Sir Reginald added that his gift was in commemoration of the many pleasant years he had spent with the committee , to the chair of which he was first elected a quarter of a century ago , and in memory also at his old friend , Dr . Furmval ) , the founder of the Chaucer Society .