The House Of Lennox And Freemasonry.

THE HOUSE OF LENNOX AND FREEMASONRY .

To the Editor of the " Freemason . " Dear Sir and Brother , — I venture to submit the following particulars to supplement what has already appeared in your columns on the above subject .

The first Duke of Richmond , who is described as " Master of a lodge at Chichester , " was Grand Master of England in 1695 . Sir Christopher Wren was Deputy . ( See Anderson ' s Constitutions . ) The second Duke was installed Grand Master of England on 24 th June , 1724 , and a full account of his installation is

given in Anderson ' s book . A copy of this book , now in possession of the Lodge of Union , No . 3 S , was presented ( as set forth in an autograph inscription ) " to the Right Worshipful the Master and Wardens .... of the holy lodge of St . John .... in the Citty of Chichester . . . . by their most affectionate Bro . Richmond , Lenox , and

Aubigny , April 2 Sth , A . L . 5739- " ! n an account against His Grace , produced by Lord March at last ledge , occurs this item : " To the candlesticks and sword used by the Society of Freemasons , £ 2 o o . " It is not improbable that the articles referred to arc identical with those now in use in the Lodge of Union .

Of the third duke , I have not heard that he was a Mason . The fourth duke ( as General Lennox ) joined the Royal Clarence Lodge at Brighton in 1 S 04 ; in the same year he became W . M . of the lodge , and continued in that office for 10 years , having as his deputy Bro . Edmund Scott , grandfather of the present D . P . G . M . of Sussex . General Lennox

became Duke of Richmond in 1 S 07 . The minute book of the Royal Clarence Lodge has this entry , under date March 17 th , 1 S 0 S : " The Duke of Richmond sends a message to the lodge by General Mackenzie that he had , as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland and W . M . of the Royal Clarence Lodge , laid the

first stone of a monument to Lord Nelson with Masonic honours . " His Grace was also first Master of the Lodgeof Friendship , No . 624 , Chicester , and continued Master from 1 S 11 to 1 S 15 , and became Provincial Grand Master of Sussex in

1814-The fifth duke , when Earl of March , was on Oct . 15 th , 1 S 12 , balloted for , accepted , initiated , passed , and raised in the Lodge of Friendship , of which lodge his father was then W . M . He succeeded his father as Prov . Grand Master of Sussex , and held that position till his death in 1 S 60 . His brother . Lord William Pitt Lennox , was

accepted as a candidate in the Lodge of Harmony , No . 35 , Chichester , in 1 S 21 . The sixth ( present ) duke is , I believe , not a Mason . But his eldest son , the Earl of March , M . P ., was initiated in the Lodge of Union , No . 38 , and two of his younger sons , Lord Algernon and Lord Francis Gordon-Lennox are

joining members of that lodge . Lord March , who was G . S . W . of England in 1 SS 1 , was W . M . of the Lodge of Union , No . 38 , last year . He is this year Third Principal of the Cyrus Chapter , No . 38 , and Lord Algernon Gordon-Lennox is a candidate for exaltation at the next meeting of that chapter , on the 15 th inst . 1 am , dear Sir and Brother , yours fraternally ,

JOHN ST . CLAIR , Chichester , P . M . 3 * 3 and 1726 , March ; th . P . P . G . J . W . Sussex

Reviews

REVIEWS

STELLAR THEOLOGY , MASONIC ASTRONOMY ,

& c . By ROBERT HEWETT BROWN . J . Hogg , Paternoster-row ; D . Appleton , New York . This work comes before us with many claims for careful consideration , and is alike admirably printed and strikingly illustrated . The writer has evidently spared neither time nor trouble in order to produce a satisfactory outcome , and he has accordinsrly collected and put together a very

remarkable assemblage of curious coincidences , and reproduced the results of abstruse researches . And yet wc fear despite all that he has thus marshalled and dilated upon , advanced and illustrated forcibly and effectively , the verdict of our modern Masonic critical school will be altogether adverse , in its entirety at any rate , to the views he propounds , the theories he suggests . The connection of Freemasonry with astronomical formulae and theancient mysteries is not

a new suggestion . It has been most elaborately dealt with by * ' Lenoir" and others , and to " Lenoir" especially Bro . Brown is under great obligations . How far the Ancient Mysteries were astronomical may be a matter of doubt and question , but that Freemasonry as we know it is to be explained by an astronomical theory was not accepted as a fact by those who originally studied "Lenoir , " neither will it and can it be acceded to now . That there may

be and probably is a connection with the mysteries Hermetically , " Hutchinson advanced and Bro . Gould has recentl y again touched upon ; but beyond the identity of a mystical ceremonial , probational trials , and carefull */ preserved " aporreta" no one can safely go . Hermeticism , no doubt , had at all times a great influence on Freemasonry , a source and channel of critical study tog long overlooked ; but he would equally err who proclaimed Masonry

to be only Hermetic . And , therefore , to explain all Masonic usages by astronomical similarities or realities is to repeat the old errors and move in thc same old pathway of sheepwalking iteration . Freemasonry as we have it was probably borrowed from many systems , and is the outcome of concomitant bodies , ancl even of conflicting and antagonistic associations . Bro . Brown in deriving " Freemason " from * " Phre-Masscn " in Coptic goes against all modern criticism , which lays down this " undeviating canon " of philology ,

Reviews

that you are not to seek for what is far off and far fetched when you are able to avail yourself of what is close at hand and clear to the inductive process . The derivation from Phre-Massen is very fanciful and still more doubtful at the best , while that from Macon , Franc macon , is now almost irresistible . That the tradition of the mysteries lingered on is no doubt true ; but that any revival of them took place after the

fall of Rome cannot be proved , and must be a very doubtful and hazardous statement . If it be true that the early Christians adopted the terminology of the mysteries to some extent , alike in the expression they made use of and the "disciplinaarcani " they ; set up , " nonprobatur , " so far that such mystical teaching , except by way of absorption or adaptation , ever had anything to do with Hermetic societies .

There was no doubt a Christian Hermeticism , which seems to have centered in the " Rosa Mystica " and othercognate symbols , but had nothing to do with the mysteries proper . This work then , though aboundingin interesting " excerpta , " and striking points , alike inviting perusal and study , will , we fear , hardly accord or safely harmonize with the realistic tendencies and authentic aspirations of our modern critical school .

MASANIELLO AND OTHER POEMS . By HENRY LOCKWOOD . Kirby and Endean , 440 , Oxford-street . This very admirably and effectively printed volume of poems by some well known publishers comes before us invested with certain touching claims for our sympathy and perusal . It is a tribute of affection to the memory of its lamented author , prematutelycut off in thc plenitude of his

poetic activity and his advancing powers . Many of the pieces are left as he left them , the " master hand " being " still for aye . " Under any circumstances they would command respect and claim notice , but their own merit will find for them not a few admirers and readers . Some of our

friends , old and young , will feel these lines to an "Old journal" to be " owertrue . " Poor faded leaves ! nay , let them lie ; My cheeks would only glow To read of happy days gone by , And bitter tears would flow .

Record of hours whose hallowed gleams Shed brightness o ' er my soul ; Dearer each word , each sentence seems As years still onward roll . ¦ fr * ff " r ? -W * * 5 P The lines to " M . L . " are very touching .

In these long weary hours , love , When I am far from thee , My life is but a desert , love , With no green spot for me .

The " Guardian Angels " are very effective . Yes ! the mystic cords are wove , Bonds of heaven link the earth j Round us ever angels rove , Smiling on us from our birth .

Many of us will fully realize the cadences so harmonious and realistic of " Sorrow ' s Hour . " He ' s gone ! No more that loving hand W ill press my fevered brow ; He's gone to God's mysterious land , And life seems worthless now .

No more his gentle smile can play O'er this sweet home of love . No more those eyes can meet the day , The deep blue skies above . Mute is that voice whose tender tone Once filled my heart with joy ; The pulse is still , thc soul has flown Where bliss hath no alloy .

VVe might soon fill our scanty space with extracts from this pleasant and graceful little volume , but we prefer to send our readers to the original for their own pleasure and profit . THE ARABIAN NIGHTS . Part 7 . Cassell , Petter , Galpin , and Co . We are delighted to meet again our very old friends

" lhe Hunchback , " and the "Jewish Doctor . " Have any of our readers forgotten the story ? Do they not recall that dreadful fishbone ? If they have , or if they have not , they will excuse us we hope for saying that they are the dullest of the dull , the most unsympathetic of the unsympathetic ! We are again reminded of that remarkable tale of Aboulhassen Ali Ebn Becar , the Persian Prince , of Ebn Thaker , and the beautiful and sentimental Schemselnihar . Perhaps to our

colder fancies and northern instincts , these episodes , however moving in themselves , and probably life-like and realistic , may seem to savour a little of what is abnormal and unsafe , to be entirely approved of by the prudential or the strict minded . But still they come to us environed with all the gracefulness of Oriental "figurativism" and

carry us back vividly to stories we once thought to be full of light and love , and truth and tenderness . Like many another mundane tale and eastern fable , the fairy wand of truth seem to touch them one and all to day , and lo ! they fade away and utterly disappear in their picturesque gracefulness , leaving nothing behind them , nothing but "dust and ashes . "

"R UPTURES , "—WHITE ' MOC-MAIN LEVER TRUSS is the most effective invention for the treatment of Hernia . Tlie use of a steel spring , so hurtful in its elfects , is avoided , a soft bandage being worn round the body , while the requisite resisting power is supplied by the Moc-MainPad and Patent Lever , fitting with so much ease and closeness that it cannot be detected . Send for descriptive circular , with testimonials and prices , to J . White and Co . ( Limited ) 328 , Piccadilly , London . Do not buy ' of Chemists , -who often sell an ittnviioN of onr Moc-Main . } . White and Co . have not am- agents . —[ ADVT . 1

MOLLOWAY ' PILLS AND OINTMENT oiler to sulTcring mankind the most efl'ectual cure for Gout and Rheumatism . An unhealty state of the blood , attended with bad digestion , lassitude , and great debility , conduces to these diseafes , showing the want of a proper circulation of the lluid , and that impurity of the blood greatly aggravates these disorders . Holioway ' s Pills are of so purifying a nature that a few doses taken in time are an effectual preventive

against gout and rheumatism , but anyone that has an attack of either should use Holioway ' s Ointmcnt ' also , the powerful properties of which , combined with the effects of the Pills , ensure rapid rel ef . The Ointment should be thoroughly rubbed in the parts affected at least twice a day , after they have been sulliciently fomented with warm llannels to open thc pores in order to facilitate the absorption of the Ointment , —[ ADVT . ]

Masonic Notes And Queries.

Masonic Notes and Queries .

134 ] THE TITLE " FREEMASON . "

In the extract from the Manchester Registers printed in the Freemason last week ( " Notes and Queries , " 131 ) the word " bapt , " meaning baptised , was by * a printers' error made into " Capt . " \ v . H . R

I 35 J THE GRAND LODGE OF IRELAND . The real object of the letter by Bro . Neilson , supporting the article advocating Masonic reform in Ireland , being to obtain a change for the better in that country as respects Grand Lodge management , I have no wish to introduce any " side issues , " and so shall content myself with observing that the first or earliest evidence of a grand

lodge being formed in the world is to be found in the " Book of Constitutions , " compiled in 1720-2 , and published in 1723 , known as the "General Regulations" of the Grand Lodge of England . This body warranted several lodges in London , and in the country , before any other grand lodge was established , and its claim to be the premier Grand Lodge of the world is beyond question . Of existing grand lodges Ireland comes next , and then I suppose Scotland . XV . J . HUGHAN .

136 ] FREEMASONRY IN DONCASTER . I think Bro . Todd ' s communication in last week ' s Freemason settles the point as to a warrant being granted for Doncaster by the " Grand Lodge of all England . " It evidently is now decided in the negative , and I am glad to have read his interesting note on the subject . In Bro . Delanoy ' s History of "St . George's Lodge , " No . 242 , there is a full list of all the members connected with that

lodge from 1780 , the only onc of the three names mentioned by Bro . Todd , being William Parker who took part in the constitution of the lodge , 4 th July , 17 S 0 , and apparently was admitted a member on the 17 th of the same month . He is described as a " mercer . " lhe Grand Treasurer of the Grand Lodge of England , " Rowland Berkeley , Esq ., " was present at thc first meeting , as also on April 23 rd , 178 * 1 , and is the brother from whom the Grand Secretary of the York Grand Lodge heard as to Doncaster . W . I . HUGHAN .

137 ] / LEWIS , & c . Is it possible that Bro . Fort is after all on the right track in leaning to a Scandinavian origin of Freemasonry as one explanation of its history ? for I do not understand him to make that theory an exhaustive one , as well as in ascribing a Scandinavian origin to some of our older terms of Masonic usage and mysticism ? If it be true that the " Runes "

are but a Scandinavian " user" of the Macedonian trading alphabet ; if it be the fact that from Scandinavian builders , affected by Greek and Eastern art , Gothic architecture took its rise , then it is not " very far out , " as it seems to me , I confess , to trace the ori gin of some Masonic Gild terms to the Gothic ( Scandinavian ) revival of the building art , science , and practice . There is great difficulty in findinrr

the true derivation of " Lewis . " Is it by chance Scandinavian in origin ? To lift in Danish is " lofte , " in Swedish " lyfta , " in Iceland "lypta . " Have we in this the orij-in of "luis , " "levier , " "louve ? " Curiously enough , Mr . Skeat in his most valuable " Etymological Dictionary , " & c , to which I am already indebted for the above hints , tells us that , notwitstanding the frequently asserted Anirlo-Saxnn

origin of "build" and "builders , " such origin is mt really Anglo-Saxon but Scandinavian , like " boulder . " Hc says that its meaning " was to build or construct a house , " from the Swedish " bylja , " and that there is really no such word as the alleged Anglo-Saxon " Byldan , " to build . There is an Anglo-Saxon word Byldan , to embolden , from " Beald " or " Bald , " audacious , but such word to build

no . In all probability , Mr . Skeat tells us , " bylja" comes itself originally from bua or bo , akin from the Sunskrit " bhu " to be , and thus " to build means to construct a place in which to be or dwell . " If one could find an Anglo-Saxon word Mason or Masoun , the origin of Freemason would be easy enough , as " Freoman " meant a " Freeman , " and " Freomasun" would mean a " Freemason . " But so far we can trace no

such Anglo-Saxon word . In Manning ' s Grand Dictionary he says " Maca " Anglo-Saxon is socius , a companion . The word mason comes clearl y from macon in French , and that is derived probably from the law Latin Mado a maion or Macerio a stone waller , Maceria being a walled enclosure , from the Greek Makelon . Mr . Skeat says such words exist as machio , macho , maco and marcio ; mactio , matiomattio

, , and macerio . Many of these words are misreadings or corruptions no doubt , still as maconnerie comes from "Maconner" and hence Masonry , so masoun and masson come from macon . The modern German word word " Steinmetz " seems to come from the old German "mezzo" a mason , and that from meizen or meizan to hew , and the Scandinavian meita or meitau , to hew , hence meitill , a chisel . I mention all these points as they say for information . " MASONIC STUDEN 1 '

13 S ] CHARLES SACKVILLE . I note "G . B . A . ' s" note . I do not see that he strengthens any of his " points" as regards the Duke of Dorset . He explains Spencc ' s mission at Turin in 1740 . But a curious point has arisen . Though Kloss admits that the " Strict Observance " calendars , privately printed , " primissu superiorum " ( a Jesuit phrase ) , translated into " mit

gehmchmigung der Obern , " Germanice , appeared 1776 . 1777 , and were edited by Bode , as well as two more volumes , published at Leipsic in 177 S and 1779 , yet some doubts have arisen as to the No . 11 for 1777 . The figures 1777 have been rubbed out , though legible by a magnifying

glass , ana experts say that the paper and printing are probably Dutch , and not of 1777 . Ilonning seems to be the name of the paper-maker . Who was Honning ? and when did he live ? and where ? There is , however , no doubt that certain medals appeared , as Kloss says , in thc actual edition , ( if this be a reprint ) , of 1777 . DRYASDUST .

Professor Macfarren , Principal of the Royal Academy of Music , was presented on the 70 th anniversary of his birthday with a cheque for £ 800 .