Original Correspondence.

if they could be duly impressed upon the Craft . Let us take up the lists for the Boys' and Girls' Schools , for the October election , and what a striking lesson they teach In looking over the Boys' list , I see that one candidate is the son of a member who died after being initiated only one month . Another , is the son of a member who died twelve

months after he had been raised ; while thirty-four more candidates ( out of a list of sixty-two ) are the children of deceased members who have not been ten years in the Order . This points unmistakably to the importance of contributing more liberally to these worthy Institutions , and I fully

agree with you when you state " that much more yet may be done by lodges and chapters than has been hitherto done , and that therein the hope of the future for our great Educational and Annuity Institutions really lies . " I sincerely hope that such facts as the above , that can be

gathered from our Election Lists , may stimulate those who lead in these matters , in order that a united effort may be made by the Craft generally in favour of our noble Charities . —Yours fraternally , JOHN CHAPMAN , P . P . G . D . Devon . October 7 th . ROYAL MASONIC INSTITUTION FOR GIRLS .

PROPOSED ALTERATION OF RULES . To the Editor of the " Freemason . " Dear Sir and Brother , I entirely concur in the observations of your correspondent , "A Vice Patron , " in regard to the restless desire evinced by a small section of the Governors for

constant changes in those rules and regulations which have hitherto worked so well , and under which the Royal Masonic Institution for Girls has justly become a model for establishments of a like character . I think it extremely unwise for the Court of Governors to sanction any such changes without the fullest

consideration , and until it has most clearly been shown that these are necessary either to correct an evil or secure a manifest advantage ; and I certainly think it would be prudent for brethren to abstain from ^ undertaking the responsibility of such proposals , unless they are able and prepared to advance some kind of argument or reason in support of

them . Now , under the existing rules , no brother on payment , either of £ 500 or 170 guineas , can place a girl in the Institution unless such girl is " duly qualified ; " that is , is the daughter of a deceased Mason , and " reduced to a position to require the benefit of the Institution , " nor " unless such

girl can be conveniently admitted . " Will those who advocate the proposed change frankly answer these questions ? What is the evil it is intended Jo correct ? or what advantage is it calculated to secure ? If , on payment of £ 500 or 170 guineas , I make application to place a duly qualified girl in the Institution , and it

appears she can be ' conveniently admitted , " why , in the name of common sense , should I be deprived of the privilege of placing there a child whose claim may appeal most strongly to our Masonic sympathy , simply and solely because the general body of Governors may have so fully recognised the claims of a sister as to have elected her on ,

what I may term , the Foundation of the Institution ? I can understand the reason why it may be considered unjust to other candidates to elect two sisters on the Foundation ; but if a purchase case can be " conveniently admitted , " that is , if her admission will not exclude a

Foundation case , I confess I am unable to discover any possible reason for a change in the rules , which may deprive a child of the inestimable benefits , the Institution can bestow , and a generous benefactor may be prepared to purchase for her . —Yours fraternally , A PAST MASTER .

MASONIC AMENITIES . Dear Bro . Kenning , — I am , as you know , and many of my brethren know , much interested in the work of our Charities , and have sought , wisely or unwisely is not now the question , to help our poorer candidates in London , who have few

friends , and often in consequence go to the wall , and are left out in the cold . I have had to ask for many votes , and , as a rule , my brethren have been most kind to me , which I am not surprised at , knowing well the Masonic good feeling which prevails amongst us . But last year I had to deplore one or two instances of gross

ungentlemanhness , and this year 1 have to record a case of personal rudeness , and in the cause of charity . There may be difference of opinion as to the advisability of an association to collect votes , which is fair and allowable , as there always will be divergencies of opinion on most subjects ; but even those who differ the most from me have always

had the Masonic temper and kindness to give me credit for good intentions . Can any of our readers realize what 1 must think of the Masonic feeling and the gentlemanly taste of an assumed hrother , who pens the following post card in reply to an innocent request of mine for help , " verbatim ct

literatim : " "I consider your post card a most unmitigated piece of impertinence , and shall certainly do all in my Power to influence all my friends to put a stop to it . Hastings , 7 th October , 1 SS 2 . " He does not even sign his name . " Gerusalem ! " as the Americans say ; why this beats the "Three Tailors of Tooley-strcct . "

Original Correspondence.

I need hardly add that 1 am quite sure none of your readers will endorse such unmasonic feelings , and such veritable " bad form . " Yours fraternally , A . F . A . W . P . S . —I may add that the writing does not betray a high idea of "culture . "

HOW HISTORY IS WRITTEN . ¦ To the Editor of the "Freemason . " Dear Sir and Brother , — In your last issue a mistake in my previous letter is properly commented upon . It is , indeed , a most stupid mistake , and perfectly unaccountable ; but the error is on my part , and not on the part of the printer . By some

inexplicable blunder , I certainly wrote Alexander II ., though with my books before me , and specially Baron Korlf's official narrative of events . Alexander I ., the brother of Constantine and Nicholas , was clearly the proper title . I am sorry for the mistake and grateful for the correction . M y theory is , I am glad to see , entirely supported by my friendl y critic . Yours fraternally , A STUDENT OF HISTORY .

Reviews.

REVIEWS .

THE MAGAZINES . " Le Monde Maconnique" is full this month of the proceedings of the annual convent of a week at Paris , and the Grand Orient , of which we fancy the members must become very tired . The proposed " concordat" as between the so-called Grand Lodge Symbolique and the Grand Orient was all but unanimously rejectedand

, several changes were made in the "personnel" of the officiality of the Grand Orient . There is nothing very striking in the report , and we who know how dissatisfied many Freemasons are in France , and how many have left Freemasonry " pro . tern ., " cannot but feel that such proceedings do little for the welfare of French or cosmopolitan Freemasonry .

" The Century " is again to the fore , with wondrous illustrations and moving letterpress . " Life in a Mexican Street " is simply a wondrous paper , and makes you long to find yourself in Mexico . We may say the same of " The Gibraltar of America . " The only fault we find with "The Century , " where all is so excellent , is its tendency to be too American . But , after all , what right have we to

say so ? " All the Year Round " goes on with " The Scarborough Family , " which strikes us , we honestly confess , as slightly dull and not at all clear . " In Bonnie Scotland " keeps up its interest . " My Cousin Alick" is prettily told , and "A Pleasant Change " is very terse and pointed . "Samson ' s Memoirs" are full of interest for all who care for the souvenirs which the "Theatre Francais " evokes .

" Temple Bar " has an amusing review of Mrs . Kemble ' s reminiscences , and a gossiping account of Helena Modjeska , and continues its two stories , ' * Unspotted from the World " and "Robin . " It has also a well written tale , the " Rudiments of a Romance , " and a clever but impossible story , " A Breach of Discipline , " and a weak paper on " The

Ugly Man . " " The Antiquary " has interesting articles on the Preston Gild , " and extracts from the " Gild Book of the Surgeon Barbers , at York , " which we commend to Bro . Whytehead ' s special attention , for reasons he will easily understand . "The Bibliographer" is full of information suitable for Bibliomaniacs .

It is wonderful , as we have often taken the liberty to remark and the opportunity of saying , how much of our time now is taken up with . " serial literature . " Is it good or is it bad for us , who can say ? It may be doubted whether it is anything better after all than periodical and artificial excitement .

Masonic Notes And Queries.

Masonic Notes and Queries .

64 ] THE QUATUOR CORONATI . In the "Catalogus Sanctorum" of 1519 , occurs a fine woodcut of the martyrdom of the Quatuoc Coronati . Lib . x „ cap . xxxvii . The legend varies a little .

C J ALBANUS . Though it is quite true that there are three of this name recorded in the Martyrologies and Acta Sanctorum , Albanus , the Martyr of Verulamium , seems to be the foremost figure ; mostly the story rests on the authority of Bede . Is there any possibility of a connection between Albanus and a legionary Collegium ? Julius Aaron , and others of the Roman Legion at Verulamium , were , it is stated in the " Catalogus , " put to death , at Verulamium , soon after his martyrdom , as if there was some connection between them . MASONIC STUDENT .

TKI : SSES , ELASTIC KAXUAIIKS , lire . —SKKIEV ' IIARII KUIIKER TKTSSES . —The world ' s recognition of uneimalled excellence . Keceving the only award oC merit granted lor trusses at the late international Medical Exhibition , 1881 . Made in every desirable and latest improved pattern , line steel springs , neatly covered with highly-polished hard rubber , light , cool , cleanly ; unaffected by

time , use , or climate , free from all sour , rusty , dialing , or sirap . ping unpleasantness . Used in bathing . Always reliable . The correct and skilful mechanical treatment of hernia or rupture a specialty . Under patronage of the world ' s most distinguished surgcons . Choice assortment of clastic surgical liosierv . Belts , improved suspensory bandages , shoulder braces . Establishments — "J 4 , Fleet-street , London , Ii . C , and 1347 , Chestastrcet , ut-Fhiladelpbia , U . S . A . —[ A » vr . ]

Provincial Grand Lodge Of West Lancashire.

PROVINCIAL GRAND LODGE OF WEST LANCASHIRE .

By command of Bro . the Right Honourable the Earl of Lathom , V . W . Deputy Grand Master of England , Right Worshipful Provincial Grand Master of West Lancashire , the annual meeting of the members of the various lod ges in the Province of West Lancashire was held on

Wednesday , the 4 th inst ., at the Cambridge Hall , Southport . The gathering caused the greatest interest amongst the numerous visitors to this fashionable summer resort , and the town had quite a gala appearance . The continued vitality of Freemasonry in the Province of West Lancashire could have received no better evidence than that which was afforded on this occasion . The

" command'' of the R . W . P . G . M ., Bro . the Right Hon . the Earl of Lathom , was responded to with the greatest cordiality , as there were present no fewer than between 500 and Coo brethren . The special service of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Company for the conveyance of brethren from Liverpool , numbering about 300 , was of the most

satisfactory character , and other trains on this line bringing contingents from various parts of Lancashire , and when the full assembly of Masons was held in the Cambridge Hall the effect was of a very striking character . The meeting was under the banner of the Lodge of Unity , No . ( J 13 , and the general arrangements were of a highly satisfactory nature .

Owing to the entire absence of the usual Tyler's book , we are unable to give anything like a complete list of the representatives of Craft lodges , but the following , among others , were present : Bros . John Beesley , W . M .- Wm . Brassey , S . W ; J . M . King , j . W . ; J . J . Boyle , P . M . ; R . " Webster , Sec ; C . H . Aston , E . I 3 eavan , T . Carefull , l . P . M . ; h . Bryson , N . Hynesand Galleyof S 23 J

, , ; . Jenaway , W . M . ; ] . Whalley , P . M . ; M . Davies , S . W . ; Robert Co lings , Sec . ; R . Bradley , S . D . ; John Pye , J . D . ; James White , I . G . ; James Pye , S . S . ; Spurr , A . S . ; Hcwson , A . S . ; William Pye , J . Lothian , and Joseph Wood , 1094 ( Freemason ) , of 240 ; W . Savage , ' W . M . 1609 ; J . Atkinson , I . P . M . ifog ; W . W . Sandbrook , P . M . M . C . 249 ; J . L . Shrapnel ! , S . W . 1609 ; R . Burgess , l . W ,

1009 ; J . B . Macl \ enzie , P . M ., Treas . 1 G 09 ; J . M . Boyd , bee . 1609 ; Dr . W . Whittle , J . D . 1609 ; J . Orr Marples , l . G . 1 G 09 ; E . Graham , 1609 ; A . Harrison , 1609 ; H . Williams , 1609 ; D . ( Jumming , 1 O 09 ; W . Massop , 1609 ; W . Parker , 1609 ; C . Campion , 1 G 09 ; H . Hatch , P . M . 7 ? , , J , " - F Hil 1 , P'M- 220 > W - Tough , S 09 ; Charles Leighton , W . M . 1350 ; Robt . Carruthers , l . P . M .

1350 ; J . Higson , Johnston P . M ., M . C , 1350 ; Dr . Arthur Samuels , P . M . 1350 ; Henry B . Browne , S . W . 1 350 ; Edward G . Grundy , J . W . 1350 ; Staedeli , J . S . 1350 ; the ' i ev J ohn Stowell > <~ hap . 1350 ; J . Henderson , W . M . ; C Tyrer , P . M . ; P . C . Asbury , S . W . ; T . Delamere , J . W . ; E . T . Ingham , M . C ; L . Bagnall , Treas . ; R . Armitage , Sec ; R . Selkirk , S . D . ; J . Lyon ; E .

Rushworth ; J . Thompson ; Dr . R . F . Owen ; and Dr . Carnuchael , all of 1620 j H . Hiles , W . M . 1299 ; J . Taylor , Sec . 1299 ; G . Sinclair , j . W . 32 ; T . Hatti . n , P . M . 203 ; J . P . Bryan , W . M . 1035 ; J . Hinson , P . M . 241 ; T . Whitehead , W . M . 241 ; Henry Firth , P . M . 66 7 ; W . Newsome , P . M . 13 S 4 ; J . Keet , l . P . M . 1356 ; S . C Henochsberg , P . M . 1502 ; H . Ellis , 1502 ; S . Schousbadt , P . M . 1502 ; J . Evans ,

P . M . 16 / 5 ; and others . Bro . the Rt . Hon . the Earl of Lathom , P . G . M ., whose warm interest in the progress of the Craft in his province has been shown since his appointment in 1 S 73 , was present in the position of chief on this occasion , and amongst the leaders of the Order who supported him were Bros . Col . Stanley , D . P . G . M . ; Earl Crawford and Balcarres , P . P .

G . S . W ., D . G . M . Scotland ; Col . Shadwell H . Clerkc , Grand Secretary ; W . Beswick-Royds , P . S . G . W . ; W . Ashley Clayton , P . J . G . W . : Thomas Buxton , P . G . R . ; H . S . Alpass , P . G . Standard Bearer of England , P . G . Sec ; Reginald Young , P . G . S . D . : T . Salter , P . G . J . D . ; H . A . Iobias , P . G . S . of W . ; J . Preston , P . G . D . C ; w ! Brackenbury , P . G . A . D . C ; 1 . Skeaf , P . G . Orn- Dr .

Kellett Smith , P . G . Reg .: J . T . Callow , P . P . G . Treas . ; J . Clayton , P . P . G . S . D . ; J . Jackson , P . P . G . S . of W .: I . Clark , P . P . G . S . of W . ; Major Turner , P . P . G . Treas . ; Richard Brown , P . G . Treas . ; J . Chadwick , P . G . Sec . East Lancashire ; Major George Furness , P . P . G . Treas .: J . Newell , P . P . G . S . W . J . Pemberton , P . P . G-S . of W . ; A . Harrison , P . P . G . D . C . ; R . Washington , P . P . G . S . D .

K } Bailey , P . G . S . ; H . Bagot , P . P . G . S . of W . ; W . Tyrer , P . P . G . S . of W . ; H . Crosby , P . G . P ., P . M . ; W . Goodacre , P . P . G . Chap . ; J . Bell , P . P . G . l . D . : I . W . Mycock , P . G . S ; J . W . Thomson , P . G . S . ; Peter Ball , P . G lyler ; W H Ball , P . G . A . Tyler ; J . Wells , P . P . G . D . C ; J . M . Shuttleworlh , P . P . G . S . of W . ; H . Gardner , P . P . G . S . B . ; A . N . H . Winstanley , P . P . I . G . D . ;

E . C Cooper , P . P . G . S . B . ; G . Remington , P . P . G . J . W . ; ^ » i- . rester ' P-G -J-D- ; J- VV . Milligan , P . P . J . D . D . W . l-mney , P . P . G . D . C ; G . Broadbridge , P . P . G ! D . C ; S . E Ibbs , P . P . G . S . B . ; E . Simpson P . P . G . T . ; Rev . H . G . Vernon , P . P . G . Chap . West Lancashire and Cheshire ; P . Macmuldrow , P . P . S . G . D . ; J . Houlding , P . P . G . Reg . ; Alex . Levy , P . P . G . T . Grioualand : l . S .

Wliintord , P . P . J . G . W . ; T . Armstrong , P . P . G . Treas . ; R . Wyhe , P . P . G . S . W . ; Sylvester Mat ' tison , P . G . S . ; H ! Hunter , P . P . G . S . of W . ; Thomas Evans , P . G . S . ; W . Vines , P . P . G . D . C . ; U . C . Mellor , P . P . G . J . D . North Wales and Salop ; John Lunt , P . P . G . D . of C ; Joseph Balmer , P . G . S . ; T . P . tfrockbank P . P . G . S ' . East Lancashire ; J . Hayes , P . P . G . S . B . ; Thomas Clark , P . P . S ' D ^ D W , J ,- - Bowen > P-P-G . S . B . ; W . J . Newman P . P . G . R . ; E . Pierpoint , P . P . J . D . ; and I . W . I . Fowler , P . P . G . D . C . J J

Shortly after noon the Craft lodge was opened in due iorm by Bro . T . L . Ferguson , W . M . 32 , and the assisting officers were Bros . T . Hatton , W . M . 203 , acting l . P . M . ; H . Gifford Bell , W . M . 113 , S . W . ; T . Milner , W . M . x ? , \ i , AV- ; J ; Whallcy , P . M . 249 , S . D . ; T . Whitehead , W . M . 241 , J . D . ; and J . Jcnnaway , W . M . 249 , I . G . lhe members of the Prov . Grand Lodge were subsequently received by the brethren , and after takinrr his scat

on the throne , Bro . the Earl of Lathom proceeded to open L rov . Grand Lodge according to ancient custom . The roll was called by the Prov . Grand Secretary , Bro . H . S . A pass , when , for the first time during several years , the whole of the eighty-one lodges in the province , numbering in the aggregate no fewer than about 5000 Masons , were found to be represented at the meeting . The minutes of the last annual Prov . Grand Lodo-e , field