Reviews.

MOORE'S MASONIC 'MESSENGER . 146 , JcfCersonavcnuc , Detroit , Mich ., U . S . We do not remember to have seen this little Masonic periodical before . It has , we see , reached No . 6 , Vol . I . It seems to us to be extremely well-edited , and marked not only by much promise as a new " petit sujet" of Masonic literature , but directed by truly sound views on all Masonic questions , as well as full of interesting matter of various kinds .

Masonic Notes And Queries.

Masonic Notes and Queries .

THE HOLY MARTYRES FOUR . Since penning my note of last week , I find that Bro . Fort in his "Antiquities of Freemasonry , " at p . 174 , cites as a noticeable facf , that Stieglitz and other authorities specifically refer to the Coronati as soldiers . Bro . Findel , at p . G 3 of his history , says : "The chief

festivals of the Stonemasons were on St . John the Baptist ' s Day , and the one designated the Day of the' Four Crowned Martyrs , ' the principal patron saints of the Stonemasons . " I should be obliged to any brother who will give me the date of the latter festival . R . F . GOULD .

THE PARENTAL 1 A . In the concluding note on Sir Christopher Wren , I used too comprehensive an expression in my employment of the p hrase " all encyclop .-edists . " At the time of writing I liad in my mind the " Encyclopaedia Britannica , " and the like , but 1 am well reminded that my remarks would equally apply to the very valuable compilations of Bros . Kenneth

Mackenzie and Woodford , which I should be the last person to undervalue or depreciate . Indeed , the article on Wren in " Kenning ' s Cyclopaedia , " to which my attention has been drawn by the "founder of our English Masonic school , " Bro . W . J . Hughan , may be justly quoted as a specimen of the good workmanship which in so many instances has compressed a mass of instructive facts within

the limits of a few lines . The Editor of this " Cyclop .-edia" refers in the Freemason to the theory of Papal Bulls . The celebrated antiquarian , Governor Thomas Pownall , in a letter written yth January , 17 SS , which was published in the "Archaeologia , " vol . 9 , p . 110 , states : "That he had searched ( whilst a Rome ) for the Bull . Dioloma . or Charter , instituting thet

foreign corporations , which thereby claimed exemption from the Statute of labourers . " " The librarian of the Vatican " ( he adds ) "was , in 1773 , on my behalf applied to , but could not find the least trace of such a record . Thc Pope himself interested himself in the enquiry , and ordered the most minute search to be made , butnodiscoveryaro . se from it . 1 cannot , however , yet be persuaded but that some

record or copy of the diploma must be somewhere buried at Rome , amid some forgotten bundles or rolls . " So far Governor Pownall , who it must he recollected was a Mason , albeit his sweeping disparagement of the Society in thc letter under notice , would hardly have led one to think so . *

Mr . Patrick Fraser Tytler , in his " History of Scotland , " 1 S 45 , vol . 2 , p . 278 , remarks : " I have in vain looked for the original authorities upon whicb Sir Christopher Wren and Governor Pownall have founded tlieirdescriptions of the travelling corporations of Roman architects . " R . F . COULD .

IN 1 GO JONES' MS . In answer to Bro . Gould , I must explain that the title given to the MS . as above is due to our Rev . Bro . Woodford , the owner thereof . So far as 1 have had information , the only reason why it is so termed is due to the frontispiece by the celebrated Inigo Jones . Bin . Woodford has offered to publish it and the Wood ' s MS . as soon as a sufficient number of subscribers have been obtained , and I hope

that condition will soon be observed , as , doubtless , we shall then be favoured with a facsimile of the MS ., or , at least , of a portion thereof , that all may judge as to its antiquity . I have not seen the document , and , therefore , cannot pronounce an opinion about it , save as to its being a very valuable MS ., provided its claim to being lnigo Jones' MS .

can be substantiated . So far , there has been " no proof . ubmitted of the connection of this great architect with our Maeonic Craft , " as Bro . Gould intimates ; but he may still have owned the M . S . in question even if not a Freemason ( as KC understand it ) , so I await the publication of the roll with increasing interest . W . J . HUGHAN .

SPECIAL MEDAL OK No . S 5 , HARLKSTON . I am much obliged to Bro . Dr . C . D . Hill Drury , J . W . S 5 , for bis communication of last week respecting a medal worn by members of the "Faithful" Lodge , No . 85 , llarleston ( Norfolk ) , and 1 have communicated with him on the subject , so as to lay thc matter before the readers of the " Freemason " directly a decision is arrived at .

The medals worn by certain lodges may be classed under three * divisions . ist . Those granted before registration . 2 nd . Those after registration until iSfio . 3 rd . Those from 1 S 6 7 of one uniform pattern , unless under special circumstances . Neither in the second or third class have 1 been able to find the * medal mentioned as belonging to No . S 5 ,

or as worn by its members , so it must , if at all , belong to the first division . If it does , Bro . Hill will be able to oblige us with the date of the- warrant when it was authorised by the M . W . G . M ., and I shall then be- glad to place it in tlie list accordingly , it being my de-sire to make ray " Masonic Register of Lodges " as accurate as possible . Medals have been worn by lodges without any authority , and one we

* " It should seem , however , that societies of these Masons met in mere clubs , wherein continuing to observe and practise some of thi-ir rcrcmiinios , which once bad a reference to their inslitul ' ums , they only made sport to mock themselves , and by degrees their clubs or lodges sunk into a mere foolish harmless mitn : ] iii'i v . - ~ --Arc ! irei > logia vol . o , p . 120 . Bro . G . ]•' . Fort , in " Antiquities of Krcc-inasonry , " p 137 . leans to the view expressed by Governor Pownall .

viz ., that tbe well-known statute of llenry ' VI . made an end of the- then existing English Masons ; but with all respect for these eminent authorities , I am clearly of opinion that the Act of Parliament referred lo , was merely an intermediate manifestation , of the course of policy pursued by the legislature throughout a long series of years , commencing with the reign of King Edward III ., and continuing until the Tudor period .

Masonic Notes And Queries.

know of , on finding they as members had no right to such a distinction , petitioned thc Most Worshipful Grand Master , and since obtained an ordinary ccntcnary mcdal warrant . It is just possible that 1 have not been able to trace No . 85 as being entitled to a special centenary medal , but at all events it could not have been granted on the terms mentioned by Bro . Hill , viz ., its being

constituted " under rcarrant from , the Grand Lod « e of York , " as it was warranted in 1 7 . 53 b } 'the regular Grand Lodge in London , known as the "Moderns . " I should suggest an examination of the records of the lodges about 1 753 , for even if there be no warrant in existence for the medal being worn , there may be a confirmatory statement in thc minute book , sufficient for the purpose . 1 shall be ' glad to hear ] of any other probable omissions . W . J . HUGHAN .

HUGHAN'S "OLD MASONIC CHARGES . " Bro . Gould has kindly suggested the re-issue of my " Old Charges of British Freemasons , " and 1 should only be too pleased to respond ; but just now my hands are very full of various kinds of work , and my spare time is very restricted indeed , having , first of all , "to labour for the meat that pcrisheth " before attending to the various studies that so interest the contributors to the " Masonic Notes ancl

Queries department . I shall , however , arrange for another edition when a fair opportunity occurs , and rewrite the introduction , so as to embrace the latest important discoveries . The "Soldier Martyrs " is an expression quite new to me , and , I anticipate so also to most of us . It strikes me as being a fancy of the writer's , Francis Ney , unless intended in a figurative sense as "soldiers of the Cross . " Much obliged to Bro . Gould for noticing it , however . " W . J . H .

THE QUATUOR CORONATI . In answer to Bro . Gould , I am not aware of any authority who terms them " soldiers , " besides Bro . Fort , except as forming part of the " noble army of martyrs . " In the Sarum Missal their day is , as Bro . Gould knows , November Sth , and they are simply termed " Holy Martyrs . " Mrs . Jamieson , in one of her interesting books , says , that the stone cutters and others go once a year to the church of the " Quatnor Coronati , " Rome . In mediaeval art they are distinguished as " Masons " only . A . F . A . W .

INIGO JONES . The force of the evidence as regards Inigo Jones is this , and I think it good as far as it goes . The Masonic traditions claim lnigo Jones as a member of the Order . A copy of the institutions relative to the Freemasons is sold , with a frontispiece by lnigo Jones . That is a fair presumption that Inigo Jones had some interest in and connection with

the Freemasons of 1604 , hence confirming the traditions . Of course , if the drawing be not by Inigo . Jones , and his name not in his handwriting , the value of the evidence is greatly reduced . I will , however , have the fact looked into as regards lnigo Jones . I , for one , hardly expect to find much historical evidences , ( knowing thc early feeling of Masons in re evidence ) , of pre 1717 Masonry . But let us

not too hastily shut the door on such a possibility , remembering in what a "transition state" we are just now in re Masonic history , and how greatly we have , and shall have , to modify many expressed opinions . Possibly they are called soldiers as forming part of the " noble army of martyrs . " A . F . A . W .

SIR CHRISTOPHER WREN . Is there not an old MS ., which is said to have been the property of Sir Christopher Wren r and does it not strengthen the position of those who cling to Sir Christopher , just as I understand Inigo Jones ' s MS . to

strengthen his claim to be considered a Mason ? ls it wise to disregard all " tradition " on this point , when it is possible that that tradition may yet receive collateral and supplementary evidence ? I await some remarks from " somebody " on these heads .

Sh . Nh . X . SIR CHRISTOPHER WREN AND FREEMASONRY . I quite agree with Bro . Gould and the learned and reverend editor of the "Cyclopaedia" "that the authority of the ' Parentalia' is not great , " but still it is a curious work , and without fui ther discussingtlie subject now being so ably investigated ! may venture , perhaps , without being guilty of any very gross intrusion , to add my contribution to the

topic in the shape of a note as lo what Parentalia is , and who and what the author was . Bro . Gould and the editor of the " Cyclop .-edia" are acquainted with it , but probably many readers of the Freemason are ignorant of the title and name and history of the author of the work so constantl y referred to . It is entitled " Parentalia , or Memoirs of the Society of Wren , " by Joseph Ames . The author was a very

extraordinary man . He was born in 1 GSIJ at Great Yarmouth , and , coming in early life to London , was apprenticed to an ironmonger . When out of his time he set up in business for himself in Wapping-street , neat Hermitage Wharf , in St . Gc-orge ' s-in-tlie-East , a parish with which I have long been connected by many close and valued ties . To hi .-: avocation as an ironmonger he shortly

added that of a ship chandler , then a very profitable trade in that maritime neighbourhood . Serving in succession all the parochial offices , he at length ( but in what year is uncertain , as no record of ollircrs seems to have been kept in the parish between its constitution in 1729 ancl 17 ( 16 ) was elected churchwarden . It must have been before 17 . 59 , and probably his rather turgid Latin epitaph in the pavi > h

church would supply the missing date , but 1 have not a copy of it by me at present to refer to . However , if of any interest to the readers of the Freemason , I could readily obtain a transcript of this inoitiiary inscription . I extract from a most interesting little work , published so recently as St . George ' s Day ( the 24 th April ) in Ihe present year , an interesting account of this truly remarkable tradesman .

" It is refreshing to turn to the peaceful history of two or three of the first parishioners of St . George ' s . 'Joseph Ames , Wapping-street , buried Oct . 14 th , 1759 , ' in St . George's Church Vaults . There is a good reason why the memory of Mr . Ames should be kept green . In an age

when wealth and culture were not very closely allied , he showed in his own life how , amid unfavourable surroundings , it was possible for them to join hands . By trade a shipchandler and ironmonger , he found his profitable recreation in thc study of English history and antiquities ,

Masonic Notes And Queries.

From his house in Wapping-street he gave to the world two volumes which gained something far greater than a restricted parochial fame , the History ' of Printing and Parentalia , or Memoirs of the Family of Wren . He He became a fellow of the Society of Antiquarians , and in 1741 was elected its Secretary . Some time afterwards he attained the ever-coveted distinction of Fellow of tlie Royal Society , and when they laid him in the vault under " the

parish church , of which at one time he was churchwarden , who could have denied the appropriateness of the Latin epitaph which marks the last resting place of the successful tradesman , and the ripe scholar . " —From "An East-End Chronicle , St . George ' s in the East Parish and Parish Church , compiled from various sources by the Rev . R . H . Madden , B . A ., Curate , with introduction by the Rev . Harry Jones , M . A ., Rector . London : Hatc ' iards , 1 SS 0 . " SAMUEL POYNTER .

MEMPHIS . —The Royal city of Egypt for many generations , and also Mcph , or Nopli , was the seat of the " fraternity of priests , and the great school of thc wisdom and the mysteries of the Egyptians . From itthe so-called Rite of Memphis apparently derives it name , though it has clearly no historical

warrant for so doing , and though it is averred bvits supporters to commemorate and continue the hermetic and spiritual teachings of the Egyptians . Wc should not have given the Rite Memphis in so muclj detail were it not that wc wish the Cyclopredia to be , as far as it goes , a perfect book of reference . —Kenning ' s Cveloptvdia .

Scotland.

Scotland .

GRAND LODGE OF SCOTLAND . A 'Quarterly Communication of the Grand Lodge of Scotland was held in Freemasons' Hall , Edinburgh , on Thursday , the Cth inst ., the Most Worshipful the Grand Master Mason , Bro . Sir Michael R . Shaw-Stewart , Bart ., on the throne . Bros . Roger Montgomerie , D . C . R ., acted as Depute Grand Master ; William Mann , Proxy District

Grand Master of all India , as Senior Grand Warden ; and R . F . Shaw-Stewart was at his post as Junior Grand Warden . The other Grand Officers present were Bros . D . Murray Lyon , Grand Secretary ; David Kinnear , Grand Cashier ; Rev . J . Henderson , Chaplain of Lodge St . Andrew , Adelaide , Acting Grand Chaplain ; William Hay , Grand Architect ; F . L . Law , Grand Jeweller ; Thomas

Halket , Grand Bible Bearer ; H . Y . D . Copland , Grand Sword Bearer ; C . W . Maxwell Muller , Grand Director of Music ; Robert Davidson , Grand Organist ; William Bryce , Grand Tyler . There were also present Bros . Alex . Hay , Proxy Provincial Grand Master of Jamaica and Grey town ; William Maclean , Proxy District Grand Master of Montreal ; James Turner , President , and James Crichton ,

Vice-President , of the Board of Grand Stewards ; and the following representatives of sister Grand Lodges : Bros . William Officer , Egypt and Pennsylvania ; E . W . Nightingale , New York- ; R . S . Brown , Kentucky ; George M'Lean , Nebraska . The following sister Grand Lodges were also represented : England , Sweden , the Three Globes of Prussia , the Countries Grand Lodge of Germany ,

Grand Lodge of Saxony , Nova Scotia , New Brunswick , West Virginia , Wyoming , New Jersey , etc . Letters of apology were intimated from Bros , the Karl of Mar and Kellie , Depute Grand Master ; Colonel Sir Archibald Campbell of Blythswood , Bart ., Substitute Grand Master ; F . A . Barrow , Past Senior Grand Warden ; John C . Forrest , Provincial Grand Master of Lanarkshire , Middle

Ward ; Captain Colt of Gai tsherrrie , Past Grand Sword Bearer ; Dr . Falconer , Proxy District Grand Master of New South Wales , and a large number of Masters and Wardens from the Glasgow Province . A vidimus was submitted by the Grand Cashier of the income and expenditure for ( lie three months ending 24 th April , which showed that during that period there had he-en

1050 entrants , and that the income hacl amounted to upwards of £ 1330 , being about £ 720 in excess of the expenditure . A statement as to the fund of Masonic Benevolence showed that during the three months ending 29 th April £ o . S ifc . had been voted by the Committee as grants to brethren , or widows of such . Presents , being reports of their proceedings , were received with thanks

from the Grand Lodges of Prussia , Portugal , St . John ' s of Hungary , Maryland , Montana , Alabama , Virginia , Michigan , Missouri , South Carolina , and Massachusetts . Grand Lodge approved the reponal of Lodge Palestine , Bey rout , No . 415 , permission being given the lodge to work in Arabic , as many of its members know no other language ; confirmed the action of Grand Committee in

ordering that a charter be issued to Lodge Hawera , Patea , N . Z ., and ordered that a charter be granted lo the Lodge St . James , Macduff . Bro . William II . Bickerton , Glasgow , having * resigned his seat in Grand Committee , Grand Lodge approved of the appointment in his place of Bro . William M'Lean , jun ., R . W . M ., No si , Glasgow , who hacl been next on the list to the members elected in February .

Bro . Dr . Max Ncuda was unanimously appointed representative to the St . John's Grand Lodge of Hungary , in room of Bro . Henry Maurer , resigned . It having been reported that tiie difficulties heretofore existing between the Grand Lodges of Colon and the island of Cuba had been amicably adjusted , and that the two bodies had united under the tile of the United Grand Lodge of Colon

and the island of Cuba , Grand Lodge , on the recommendation of Grand Committee , complied with the request of the new body to recognise it . Grand Lodge next proceeded to the appointment of a Provincial Grand Master for the Glasgow City Province . It appeared that at a special meeting of the Provincial Grand Lodge Bros . Sir James Bain nnd William Pearce

were nominated for the ollice of Provincial Grand Master , anil that it was resolved by 21 lu 12 lo vvc . mivm-vul llie appointment of Sir James Bain . A petition had , however , been presented to the Committee , signed by thirty-five bretliren , members of Giand Lodge , re-siding " in Glasgow , and members of the Provincial Giand Lodge of Glasgow , praying for the appointment of Bin . Pearce * . Grand

Committee , being desirous to give effect to the election , and as statements had been made impugning the validity ofthe resolution in favour of Sir James Bain , remitted the petition to the Provincial Grand Lodge for reconsideration of their resolution and for their report . The Grand Secretary reported that , in accordance with ( lie instructions of the Grand Committee , the Provincial Grand Lodge liad met