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NOTICE . The Subscription to THE FREEMASON h now ios . per annum , post-free , payable in advance . Vol . I ., bound in cloth ... ... 4 s . fid . Vol . II ., ditto ... ... 7 :.. fid . Vol . III ., ditto 15 s . od . Vol . IV ., ditto ... ... 15 s . od . Reading Cases to hold 52 numbers ... 2 s . 6 d . United States of America . Tin- VRKKJIASON is delivered free in any part of the United States for 12 s . per annum , payable in advance .

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NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS . The Office O / 'THK FH . KEMA . SON is now transferred to 198 , FLKKT-STRKET , E . C . All communications lor lltn Editor or Publisher . should therefore be Jbrwarded lo that address .

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girths , iHiUTiiMtt' and Deaths . BIKTI I . M . vc uta . i . tmN . —On loth inst .,.-it 9 , Clcncx ; i-ro .-. cl , Elm-park , Fairfield , near Liverpool , of : > Daughter , the ivileof JSro . I'eter . Maemuldron , , | . W . Pembroke Lodge , 1290 , I ' . S . Temple Chapter , 1094 . MAlvUIAGK . SNOW—Giii-r-. N . si . vi . i :. —On the fith insl ., at Kt . maiisleigh Church , Uro . Robert Snow , Sec . Lodge 421 . to Miss Greenslade of that place . DEATHS . Htecum . —On April rfith , at ( he Island of tlie . Mauritius , Bro . Dr . E . J . Kiecanl .-late of Lodge 421 . aged fifty-four years . CLAYTON , —On the 2 nd inst ., at 375 , Seotland-road , Liverpool , Bro . Henry Clayton , S . W . 220 , and Treas . ol Pembroke Lodge , I 2 ()() , aged thirty-two vear-. NKWI . ANDS . —On the Sth inst .. at St . Lawrence Villa , Treenheys-ro . 'id , I ' rinccs-park , Liverpool , Bro . Captain John Ncwlruvds , Lodge 298 , New I ' rovidenec , and Pembroke Lodge , 12 ny , aged sixty-nine years .

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gnsfocrs to Contsponbfnts . All communication- for The Kreewa-on i-hould In- written lej . 'ibh on one side oV the paper only , mid , it intended tor insertion in the current number , mn-i be received not Inter th ; in to o ' clock a . m . 011 Thursdays , unless in \ ery speci . il case-. The name and address . > ' every writer must be sent to u- incontidence .

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TheFreemason, SATURDAY , Juxi ; 15 , 1872 . The Freemason is published on Saturday Mornings in time lor the early trains . The price ol the Freemason is Twopence per week ; annual Mtbscription , ios . ( payable in advance . ; AH communications , letters , Jcc ., lo be addressed to tlie Kditor , Jtj * , Kleet-street , K . C . The Kditor will pay careful attention to all MSS . entrusted tohini , but cannot undertake to return them unless accompanied b \ postage damps .

Aids To Study.

AIDS TO STUDY .

hv PRO . WM . CviviT . xiiiK , P . M . ; x P . Z . 177 VI .

Having otlered some briel observations , by wav of suggestion , on what may be termed the preliminary matters of history , touching the races , and families , and nations of mankind , as topics to

which the attention ol the student should be given , in order thai he may follow intelligently and satisfactoril y the fortunes of the various peoples with whom history will brino - him into

relation , / may now briefl y notice history , as a study , and suggest what seems to be the best method of deal in"' with it , bv those who have

neither the time nor the means of presenting the study of it , as it is to be derived from its original sources , in the various ancient and modern languages , other than Paiglish .

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History may be regarded as a recital of facts , supposed to be true . According to the time in which the events occurred , it is ancient or modern , and according to its plan , it is universal , general ,

or particular ; chronologically divided into epochs , periods , and intervals . According to the mode in which the events are represented , it assumes tlie various titles of History , ( properly so called , )

Annuals , Chronicles , Journals , Memories or Commentaries , Revelations , Fragments or detached pieces of History , Essays on particular parts of history , Memorials oil particular nations ,

and Miscellaneous or mixed . The species of facts treated of , is either ancient history , fabulous , or true ; or modern history , including

ecclesiastical , descriptive or topographical , civil or political , military , philosophical or scientific , literary , biographical or personal , critical , natural , numismatic , and heraldic .

In the history of the Middle Ages , we are frequently referred to the Hy / . antinc histories , which , il is necessary thc reader should understand , is an historical collection relative to the

Plastern . Empire , compiled by various ( Mental Greek writers . 'Phe eyes of history are said lo be chronology and geography ; the one describing the

time in which an event occurred , the other the place . Chronology has been compared to Ariadne ' s clue , which conducts our steps through all the windings of the labyrinth . Without a

knowledge ol Geograp hy the student will be unable to reap any veal advantage from the reading of history . It may be entertaining , but that is all . To make it useful , he must be able to

identify the regions or localities in which the events described took place . He must be able , for instance , to identify Gaul as France , Iberia as Spain , Apulia as Naples , and so of other parts of

the world . It may be mentioned Jiere , though not strictly in iis place , that some difficulties will present themselves to the student , arising out of the dill ' erent computations of time , as well

among the same people , ; 's among various nations -, the want , of fixed eras among some , and the multiplicity of them among others ; and the variety of proper names given to the same

persons and places . The dillerent names which the Assyrians , Egyptians , Persians , and Greeks have given to the same prince , are among the most formidable embarrassments of modern enquirers

into ancient history . Three or four sovereigns of Persia have borne the name of Assuerus , or Ahasucrus , ( corrupted from the Persian Ardshir ) : though they have also other names ; and did we

not know that Nubiicliadiiosor , Nebucadnosor , Nabuehaclne / . / . av , and Nebuehassan were divers names ot the same individual , or rather varieties of OIK" name , we should scarcely believe it .

We may also note that ( Izias is A / arias , pjdesias Mattanias , Joachas is frcijuently called Shallum , Asaraildon , Esarhaddon , or Asarhaddon , is

called Asenaphar by the Ciitlwans , and , by an unaccountable whimsicality , the Chaldaic name of Sardanapalushas been changed hy the Greeks , into Tonosconcc ' ileros .

In pursuing the stud y of history , the most regular , as well as the most successful mode , is to begin with an epitome of universal history , and after having thereby obtained a pretty general acquaintance with the state of

Aids To Study.

the world at large , in all its ages , then to apply to the histories of particular nations ; for the study of particular histories is nothing more than an extension of a general knowledge of which the

reader is presumed to be in the previous p ossession . When this is done , a third step may be taken , and the genius and disposition of the various nations , witli tlie cliaracters of their

princes and governors , may be made the subject of disquisition , in the course of which , the student will frequently be surprised by the discovery of some secret springs of action , which

otherwise , he would not have suspected . Tlie latent causes of revolutions , of the rise and fall of thrones anil powers will thus be laid open to his view , and in proportion to the diligence with

which he pursues his inquiries , he will find his admiration called forth , and his curiosity gratified . The most celebrated epitome of universal history , written in Latin , is Tursaliris , whieh is read in

most of the foreign universities . Bossuetfs Epitome is generally and deservedl y admired in France , but it brings the history no lower than Charlemagne ; the Introduction to History is the

Encyclopedia Metropolitan ;! will be found a most useful manual , the new edition being in a portable form . Mr . Phili p Smith ' s Ancient History ol Asia , I have more than once mentioned , and it

should certainly be used by the student . Taylor ' s Universal History will also be found a useful book , and for the ancient history of particular countries , several works in Murray ' s Students' Library cannot fail to command approval .

Reports Of Masonic Meetings.

REPORTS OF MASONIC MEETINGS .

Craft liTasonrfi .

METROPOLITAN . PonoK or As vi'it ( No . 1 . 519 ) . —This Podge held its usual monthl y meeting at Freemasons ' Hall , Great Queen Street , W . C , on Momhy [ une jrd . Present : —Bros . E . Stanton Jones , i . P . M . j C . Coote , P . M ., W . M . ; J . M .

Chamberlain , P . M ., S . W . ; J . Weaver , P . M ., J . W ., P . G . O . Middlesex : Thomas A . Adams , P . G . P . ; Thomas Edgar ; Henry Baker ; Charles S . Jekyll , ] . D . ; W . H . Stephens , George Horton , William A . Tinney , I . G . ; Henry Snyders , John StracJian , William Graves , Leopold Silberberg ,

Joseph Horton , Kdmund H . Reynolds , and G . R . Egerton , John Gilbert , Tyler . Visitor : Bro . G . Pritehard , Org . 862 . No business was done , as the candidates did not attend . It was proposed by Bro . C . Coote , W . M ., seconded by Bro . [ ,

\\ caver , J . W ., and carried unanimously , that a letter of condolence be sent to Bro . W . T . Wri gliton , expressing die sympathy tlie members feel towards him in his recent illness , and a sincere wish that he may soon be restored lo perfect health and strength . The Lodge was then closed and adjourned .

KENT . DOVER . —Peace and Harmon // Lodge ( No . nj ' j . )—The regular meeting of the members of this lodge was held at the Royal Oak Hotel , on Monday , the ; rd inst ., for the raising of Bro . J . Id . Lester , installation of W . M ., the appointment of ollicers for the ensuing twelve months , and other business . There was a large

attendance of Ihe brethren , among whom were the W . Masters of several lodges in Kent , the Board of Installed Masters being unusuall y large . After the transaction of the business announced upon the summonses Hro . W . J . Adeock was dul y installed in the chair by the outgoing W . M ., Bro . Archibald Wilson , who officiated as Jn . stallinjr . Master , and invested the following- officers : —