Science, Art, And The Drama.

attained a wide celebrity . Such were the songs inspired by the Great Revolution and its outcomes , whether on the Royalist or opposite side . The touching air , for instance , " O Richard , O mon Roi , " became one of the most celebrated of Royalist songs , and was played at the historic banquet at Versailles , in October , 1789 . During the first Republic this nlav was prohibited , but was restored to the stage by the first Napoleon . In Uld

_ V r . . , „ - ., L . U 1 .. C » i . L „« .-J ,.. l > n . < t fUa contrast to this song we have the " Ca Ira , " probably first heard when the Parisians marched to Versailles , the words being suggested to a street singer by General Lafayette . The words recall Benjamin Franklin ^ avourite say ing at each step of the American insurrection . The tune is said to have been the production of a certain Rdcour , a side-drum player at

the Opera ,- and , as a contre-danse , was very popular under the title of Carillon National . The " Carmagnole , " associated with so many sinister memories , was originally a popular dance tune of Provence , or , according to Gretry , a sailor song often heard in Marseilles . Another once popular sonff was Joseph Chcnier ' s " Chant du Depart , " composed for the concert

celebrating the fourth anniversary of the fall of the Bastille . 1 his is said to be the only patriotic song written during the Reign of Terror ; the music isby Mehul . After much controversy experts seem inclined to accept the tradition that Rouget . de Lisle actually composed , at Strasburgh , and in one night , both words and music of the famous hymn known as " The Marseillaise . " In dealing with airs of historic interest " one must , perforce , omit many of the most beautiful songs of every nation breathing-of country sights and sounds , the fond vows of lovers , the peaceful joys of home—such as the Volkslieder of Germany . . ( To be continued . )

Painters And Other Artists In The Reign Of James I.

PAINTERS AND OTHER ARTISTS IN THE REIGN OF JAMES I .

( Continued ) . Nicholas Stone built the great gate of St . Mary ' s Church , Oxford , where he has introduced the twisted columns ( the original of which is said lo have been brought from Jerusalem to Rome ) , with the worst effect . Also the stone gates for the physic garden , designed by Inigo Jones for the Earl of Danby , by whom ( or by some other persons ) he was employed even as

an architect . The Earl ordered Stone to design a house fo : him at Cornbury , and to direct the workmen , for which he was paid ^ IOOD . In 16 ; , S , he built Tarthall , near Buckingham t louse , for the Countess of Arundel , and had paid to him at different times to pay workmen £ 634 .. He executed many works at Windsor for King Charles , particularly three cartouchesto support the balcony , the star and garter . The figure of the Nile on the

stairs at :-omerset House was of his work ; the other statue was done by Kerne , a German , who married Stone's sister . Nicholas Stone died in 1 ( 147 , and was buried in St . Martin's , where on the north wall within the church is the following inscription , with a profile of his head : " To the lasting memory of Nicholas Stone , Esq , master mason to his Majesty , in his life time esteemed for his knowledge in sculpture and architecture , which

his works in many parts do testify , and , though made for others , will prove monuments of his fame . He departed this life on 24 th August , 1647 , aged fii , and lyeth buried near the pulpit in this church . Mary his wife and Nicholas his son lye also buried in the same grave . " Stone had three sons , Henry , Nicholas , and John . The two eldest were sent to Italy to study : the youngest was educated at Oxford , being designed

for a clergyman ; but in the Civil War he entered into the army on the King's side . During that period this John Stone published a book on fortification , called Enchiridion , with many small cuts , etched by himself , but without his name . The king's forces being routed , young Stone and a companion made theirescape ; the latter was taken , and

hanged before his father ' s door in . Smithfield ; but Stone hid himself in his father ' s house in Long Acre for above a twelvemonth without th ; knowledge says Vertue , of his father , whence we may conclude he had either offended the old man by quitting his studies for arms , or the father was toD prudent to risk the emoluments of his profession by engaging in party dissensions . John at last found means of retiring to France , where he lived some years . ( To be continued . )

The Deserving Poor.

THE DESERVING POOR .

Unfortunately , it is too often the deserving poor who starve . They are too proud to make their needs known even to those who would willingly help them . There are societies which search out cases of " poor gentlewomen , " and many have been saved from hunger and permanent penury by

The Deserving Poor.

their aid . Considering the vast sums we disburse in poor-rates , we do not seem to succeed in alleviating distress to anything like the extent the expenditure should accomplish . In thousands of cases , while the deserving poor get- no assistance , confirmed loafers , tramps , idlers , and worthless vagabonds , obtain free board and lodging . In France a Board of Guardians , or such an institution as corresponds to it , has very special duties ,

which we might well introduce into England . This is the idea . To be elected a guardian of the poor is to be greatly honoured by the State . A given district is mapped out into sections . Each section is in charge of one guardian . He has to make himself personally acquainted with every individual in it , or certainly with every person likely to need eleemosynary assistance . A shopkeeper comes to grief ; a working man is laid up j the breadwinner of a family dies ; a struggling tradesman is threatened with

the bailiffs . The guardian reports each case , and the deserving are promptly assisted . They are not threatened with " the house . " The tradesman is helped with a loan ; the family of the dead breadwinner get food and money ; the workman is helped to tide over his troubles . They have all paid taxes , they are all decent citizens , every man is liable to misfortune , and so the money of the ratepayers is mercifully and wisely spent .

General Notes.

GENERAL NOTES .

Mr . Eugene d'Albert has composed a new comic opera , which he has not yet named . The young composer has , however , had the good fortune to have his work accepted for performance at the Imperial Opera , Berlin , next season .

AH good wishes will go with Miss Annie Hughes in her latest enterprise —the production at Croydon of a dramatised version of " Vanity Fair . " She herself will play the part of Becky Sharp , and she cannot fail making it womanly , and , therefore , sympathetic .

Mr . Cecil Raleigh has been commissioned by Mrs . Langtry to write a new play , for production by her at the Imperial Theatre next Easter . * * * » Mr . J . H . Barnes , now playing at the Lyceum , has been further engaged by Bro . Sir Henry Irving for his next tours in America and England .

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