The History Of Education.

the seven years path of the trivium and quadrivium ; grammar , dialectics , rhetoric ; music , arithmetic , geometry , astronomy . The young knight , Avho looked to the lady of the castle as his patroness , learnt to ride , to shoot the bow , to swim ,

box , hawk , play chess , and make Provencal songs . A colony of men in the Northern Netherlands made the first improvements in education . At Deventer and elsewhere they had large schools . Gerhard Groote ( who flourished in 1360 ) ,

mig ht be named among them . In the brighter light of the Italian Renaissance , however , they came to be called obscurantists . Luther carried education into the cottage . John Sturm , of Strasburg , the diplomatist and schoolmasterfounded

, the methods which were preserved in English public schools till Avithin living memory . Unlike Erasmus , who Avas content with " lingua franca , " he stickled for " Ciceronian" Latin . All the great teachers were Protestants till the Jesuits

turned their attention to education and produced edition ' s of the classics Avhich are still used . Their aim was to satisfy the demand for knowledge by amusing it , not to stimulate research . In discipline , they exercised the minutest surveillance .

Montaigne protested m favour of freedom and the French language . A hundred years later Locke followed in the same direction as Montaigne . Busby ' s date was 1606 , aud Milton ' s 1608 . Milton drew a

fascinating picture of a college m Avhich everything was studied , and yet the scholars rode out in companies to see all famous and fair things in the land . SpeakiDg to the teacher , he said , " this is not a bow for every man to shoot Avith . " While Milton was writingthe Jansensists

, realized his ideal at Port Royal . It was their "garden of Greek roots" which taught Gibbon Greek . The Jesuits prevailed , although Ffenelon and Eollin owed much to Port Royal . Eousseau ' s Emile Avas a great epoch . Even Kant departed

from his regular habits to read this AVOU - derful book . Emile , the hero of it , was not to see a book until he was twelve . It was enough if he could read at fifteen . He Avas to be strong and hardy , a good jud ge of distances , a natural boy , not knowing obedience , but only good comradeshi p . The ideas were easily seized

The History Of Education.

and acted on , and the first generation of Emiles were thirty when there happened the French Revolution . Goethe ' s theories on education were to be found in the second part of " Wilhelm Meister ; " we were indebted to James Mill for a valuable

essay on the subject . Mr . Herbert Spencer and Professor Bain had studied it in our OAvn time ; but we still preserved in our schools methods which all educational reformers had scouted for the last 200 years . Education must be folloAved as a science

of observation , and teachers wanted the same kind of organization that members of the medical profession have . " Without endorsing all the views , or accepting all the facts of the Lecturer , we think his Avords worthy of note .

To say the truth , some of his contentions appear to be somewhat rash , his " reforms " are a little empirical . It is so easy to pull down , but so very difficult to build up .

Cara Imago.

CARA IMAGO .

I DREAM , but , alas ! my dreaming Is nought but a fading gleam , Of a face most bright in its seeming , A soft shadoAv on Life ' s dark stream ; For I look and listen in sadness . As the vision flits away , Ancl that little glimpse of gladness

, Dims with the duller day . Dear face of departed hours , Thou seem ' st to be smiling now ; No frown on thy forehead low ' rs , No cloud on that calm broAV ;

But Avith all of compassion beaming Thy sunny face appears , And though it be only dreaming , 'Tis a dream of pleasant years . Methinks we are standing together ,

And o ' erlooking yon far champaign , Mid fair and boisterous Aveather , Through pleasure and through pain ; Oh , truest of mates I greet thee , As I greeted thee once of yore ; But , alas ! thy shadoAV leaves me , Thy dear presence charms no more .