The History Of Freemasonry In Portugal,

meetings of some of the lodges . Although their proceedings were more in the pursuit of political ideas than the performance of their Masonic duties , and the Sanhedrim established at Oporto , by Emmanuel des Fernandes Thomaz , Joseph da

Silva Carvalho , Joseph Ferreria Boyes , and Jean Ferreria Yianna , although these four and many others , were regular Masons , they were not a regular Masonic centre , but a political organisation , which engendered the glorious revolution of 1820 ,

and brought it to a successful termination on the 24 th August . It must be admitted that at that time Portuguese Masonry was totally effaced from public view . No record can be found of regular work , from this

time until the sun of liberty rose upon the horizon of Portugal , never to set again , although its progress was for a time arrested by the political organisation sometimes borrowed from Masonry its forms , in order the better to conceal their real

proceedings , and the Masons were thereby confounded with the revolutionists , and the two terms came to be considered synonymous by the greater part of the people , who were equally fanatic as they were ignorant .

The following years—to 1828—were altogether sterile lor the progress of Masonry , and this last year was particularly disastrous ou account of the dissensions which arose amongst the parties who had engrafted themselves upon it .

The oppression reached its culminating point at the same time as its end approached . The death of King Jean in 1826 , the separation of Brazil previously ( 1822 ) under the reign of Don Pedro , the eldest son of the king , the treachery of Prince

Don Miguel , who proclaimed himself king , the persecutions of which the liberals were the victims , the extensive emigrations , everything in fact combined

to stifle the most sanguine hopes of the friends of Masonry iu Portugal . But in exile—in France , England , Belgiumwherever destiny had led the Portuguese refugees , Masonic work was imbued with renewed vigour

although always mixed up with politics . Freemasonry did not escape the dissensions which culminated in civil war , which oppressed the country for several years . A most lamentable schism took place in its ranks , one party

acknowledged the supremacy of the Grand Master ofthe " Grand Orient Lusitanien" Joseph da Silva Carvalho , another that of Lieut . Gen . Saldanha , chief of the advanced military party .

The History Of Freemasonry In Portugal,

These in reality were not Grand Masters of Masonry , they might be more appropriately termed political leaders . ( To be continued . )

The Lodge Of Glasgow St. John.

THE LODGE OF GLASGOW ST . JOHN .

By Bro . W . P . BUCHAN , Past . S . W . No . 3 Us , Grand Steward , Grand Lodge of Scotland . ( No 8 , Continued from Page 104 ) On 5 th March , 1861 . Candidate initiated by

Bro . D . Campbell . Bro . Wm . Waggetfc from the Glasgow Operative St . John ' s , formerly No . 371 , was affiliated , and Bro . James Thomson for several years R . W . M . of No . 362 , elected an honorary member .

On 2 nd April , 1861 . " An intimation from the Secretary of the Glasgow Lodge of Instruction , and soliciting the co-operation and support of this lodge in order that uniformity of working may be obtained in the several lodges throughout the

province , was read by the R . W . M . who urged upon the brethren to attend and qualify themselves to hold office in the lodge . The meeting approved of the objects of this Lodge of Instruction and promised their countenance and support . "

On 30 th April , 1861 . "A flag or banner bearing emblems of the Craft , and having the following inscription , viz .: — ' Presented by the Glasgow Freemen St . John ' s Lodge to the Glasgow Journeymen Operatives 1824 ' was presented by Bro . William Wagget ( a member of the last named lodge ) to this lodge , " & c .

4 th June , 1861 . "Brother James Taylor now presented to this lodge a beautiful writing desk made from oak , about one thousand years old (?) obtained by him out of the Douglas room in Stirling Castle , which he had renewed after being

destroyed by fire , " & c . 18 th June , 1861 . James Manwell and another initiated by Bro . Davidson , P . M . of Lodge Commercial .

On 24 th June , iSol . About forty brethren attended the laying ofthe foundation-stone ofthe Wallace monument , at Stirling . On Srd Septr ., 1861 . " The R . W . M . exhibited a scroll of the memorial proposed to be sent by

the Grand Lodge of Scotland to the Grand Lodge of Hamburgh , giving a history of this ancient and honourable lodge . It was remitted back to the