Lincoln Minster.

by the advocates of the scraping system that it will soon be of one colour again ; but if so , why scrajie it at all ? or , being scraped , why not mix some soot and water , and by means of a fire-engine on a dry summer day , stahi it to harmonise with the rest , and have done with the practice for ever ? As well might a surgeon scarify the rest of a limb whilst curing a woundor a sculptorafter adding a

, , new head or leg to an antique , scrape the trunk to make it as white as tbe new marble . Only fancy scraping the Apollo Belvedere , or the Venus , because they are not quite white ! In vmw many cases of restoration much original work is removed , which , if left , would last for many j'ears , and in its mouldering state retain far more of life and beauty than a modern copy ; this I say on the authority of Mr . Ruskin ,

no mean judge in such matters . The fact is , that the exterior of a cathedral should be as tenderly handled as an original picture or an antique statue ; and every alteration or restoration should be chronicled in a

book kept for the purpose . Beverley Minster is an instance of judicous treatment . There no stones have been removed except such as were lost or decayed , the rest being left intact . The result is that tho state of the building confers credit upon those who administer the fund left for its preservation . The same enlightened system it seems is pursued at Peterborough , than which no cathedral , except Salisbury and Ely ,

has a finer tone of color . Where stone is so decayed as it is at Chester it is difficult to say what should be done , but at Lincoln , where the surface is , on the whole , perfect , there is no plea for inflicting on it the fate of Marsyas ; it should rather be left to the far more wholesome and kindly treatment of the clouds , the smoke , and the rain . The Society of British Architects have , I believe , unavailingly

remonstrated against the scarifying process ; had I not been justified by their opinion I should not have ventured to have spoken so strongly , thoughlhavelong regretted the practice . In conclusion , I beg to say that my object in reading this paper is to aid in promoting an intelligent and careful watch over our great cathedrals , and such preservation and ' arrangement of their records as is due to the public , which is awakening to a sense of their value as auxiliaries to the history of the nation .

Monumental Remains In Peterborough Cathedral.

MONUMENTAL REMAINS IN PETERBOROUGH CATHEDRAL .

At the recent meeting of the Archa . ological Institute , Mr . M . Bloxam read a communication upon " The Monumental Remains in Peterborough Cathedral . " The writer said that the cathedral was never remarkable for the number or the stateliness of the sepulchral monuments it contained . The memorials now existing were confined , with one exception , to a few ancient recumbent effigies of abbots , not of which

one occupied its original position , or bore any inscription to inform us what abbot it represented . The effigies are six in number ; the most ancient belongs to the latter part of the twelfth century ; and the remaining one to the early part of the sixteenth century . A full description of the respective effigies followed , and dates were assigned to each . The most ancient effigy , at the back of the hih altar

g , he ascribed to Abbot Benedict , who died in 1193 , or to Andreas , who died in 1199 . The second effigy , from the west end of the south aisle , he ascribed to Abbot Robert de Lyndeseye , who is said to have erected the west front , and to have died in 1222 . Gough assigns this to Abbot Martin , who died in 1155 . Tho third from the west end he ascribed to Walter de St . Edmundwho died in 1215

, ., or to De Hotot , his successor , in 1249 . Gough sets it down to John of Salisbury , who died in 1125 . The first effi gy at the west end Gough assigns to Andreas , who died in 1199 : but the writer ascribed it to John de Caleto , who died in 1262 . The most eastward of the series , under the wall of the south aisle , is of a later date than the four others ; better in workmanshiand of advanced period in art

p , a more . Gough assi gns it to Abbot de Vectis , who died in 1155 ; the writer , however , ascribed it to Richard de London , who died in 1295 . These effigies differ from other early episcopal effigies in not having the fingers of the hand raised in the act of giving a blessing ; and in the absence of a mitre , not

Monumental Remains In Peterborough Cathedral.

yet granted to these abbots ; but they form , perhaps , the most interesting series of recumbent effi gies of ecclesiastics of abbatical rank anywhere to be found in this country . The sixth effigy is on the floor of the south aisle of the choir ; it is mueh mutilated from the material being of chinch or chalk-stone , and is of much later date than the others , and is ascribed by the writer to Robert de Kirton ,

who died in 1528 . In 1643 , the monument of Bishop Dove , who died in 1630 , and those in brass , were demolished or torn away by the Parliamentaiy troops . Somo of the slabs now form part of the pavement of the vestibule of the west entrance . Since this devastation but one monument of note has been set up , 'and this one is that of Thomas Deacon Esq ., who died in 1721 . It is of common-place design , but

fairly executed , and marks the period in which the ordinary costume of the day is adhered to , though some persons of the same date are represented in the costume of Roman warriors , as he had seen that day in one of the Burleigh family at Stamford . The monument of Hedda and his monks , slaughtered by the Danes in 870 , spoke of bMr . James as the most ancient sepulchral

y monument in the kingdom , was next treated by the writer ; who , we may as well say , is the best authority upon the subject now living . The account of the slaughter was given in the Sadion Chronicle , and in the history of Ingulf , Abbot of Croyland , who died 1109 . The authenticity of this work of Ingulf , was , however , questioned ; and as no early MSS . of this history is known to exist , it is supposed to have been

jiroduced m tho fourteenth century , and a work of fiction rather than history . After a careful examination of the stone , the writer ' s opinion was that it is of a date , at least , two centuries later than 870 , as the sculpture and detail are of a more , advanced period ; and that the figures on the side do not represent monks , but our Lord and eleven of his apostles , The work rather agrees with other ancient

Norman work than with Saxon ; and the probability is that it belonged to the close of the eleventh century , and was originally a Norman shrine , or part of a Norman shrine . It may have been fixed , over some of tho relics with which tho monastery was enriched ; and the work was probably of the same age and by the same hand as the sculptured stones now to be seen in the wall of Fletton Church . The writer

then proceeded to notice the statue of a monk tn the monastic costume ' of the Benedictine order , which occupies a niche in the gateway of the Bishop ' s Palace . It is a good specimen of art of the thirteenth century , and was noticed by Flaxman . Why a cast of it should appear in the Crystal Palace , [ at Sydenham , under the name of " St . Luke , " the writer knew not .

The Rev . T . James remarked that in architecture , as in economics , a change of opinion was not uncommon . He had claimed credit for the monument spokon of as the oldest in the country , and had done so on the authority of Mr . Bloxam himself . On examination , however , he was inclined to think the work was Norman , and must give up that claim . He sugg-ested , however , that the psendo Ingulf was not likely to represent a shrine as a sepulchral

monument . The Rev . Mr . Venables said that he had examined the stone along with Mr . Sharpe ; and the latter was decidedly of opinion that it was a shrine and not a monument , and that the figures were our Lord and eleven of his apostles .

Local Nomenclature Of Northamptonshire.

LOCAL NOMENCLATURE OF NORTHAMPTONSHIRE .

At the recent Peterborough Congress , the Rev . J . Earle , late professor of Anglo Saxon , at Oxford , read a paper on " Thc Local Nomenclature of the County . " Local names are to be studied in their ethnological distinctions and chronological successions . He had treated several counties in this way , but the principle was not applicable to Northamptonshire . They stood here on the edge of the seaand

, on the inland side the mass of the names corresponded with other counties in the wicks and lyes left behind by the Danes . But on the fen or sea side they had a number of extraordinary names not founded upon ethnological distinction , but with characters purely novel . A few words were of high antiquity . The name of the river "Ivel , " a