Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software.
Reviews.
REVIEWS .
All Books intended for Eeview should be addressed to the Editor of The Freemason ' s Chronicle , 67 Barbican , E . C . Memoir of the Life of Admiral Sir E . Codrington . Edited and abridged from the larger work , by Lady BOURCHIER . London : •Longmans . 1875 .
To a maratime nation like England , the lives of its great admirals must ever possess a deep and abiding interest . The names of Drake , Howe and Nelson can only be forgotten when the country , whose flag they so often bore to victory , has fallen from her position in the scale of nations . Tho Memoirs of Sir Edward Codrington offer peculiar
features of interest , covering , as they do , one of the most thrilling periods of England ' s naval history . Almost the first engagement in which he held command was the ever memorable Battle of Trafalgar . It is interesting to note with what eagerness the officers of the fleet awaited the arrival of Lord Nelson during the few weeks which
preceded this great engagement . Admiral Collingwood is described as a " Stay-on-board , " and the question is repeatedly asked , in our hero ' s letters , "Is Lord Nelson coming out to us again ? " On September , the 4 th , he writes , " I anxiously hope he may be coming soon . " Again , on September the 20 th , " For charity ' s sake send us Lord Nelson , oh , ye
men of power . At last comes the intelligence , " Lord Nelson is arrived ! A sort of general joy has been the consequence . " The great battle follows close after this , and Lord Nelson is no more . Glorious as the victory was , the death of its hero seemed to nullify the disposition to rejoice over it . Codrington commanded the " Orion "
in this action , and greatly distinguished himself by his coolness and vigour . Tho letters of Sir Edward , from which there is a large number of extracts , prove him to have been a man of very keen perceptions , and kindly sympathies . All who take a pleasure in reading of England ' s triumphs by sea will hardly fail to enjoy a perusal of the volume .
Plea for Mercy to Animals . I . —Claims of the Lower Animals to humane treatment from man . II . —Various forma of needless suffering inflicted by man . III . —Means of prevention , legal and educational . IV . —Vivisection and other experiments on Living Animals . By JAMES MACAULAY , A . M ., M . D . Edin . Editor of the Leisure Hour . London : Eeligious Tract Society , 56 Paternoster Eow .
WE . feel confident that no appeal for mercy to the lower animals will be made in vain to Freemasons . Those who make it their chief delight to cultivate all the kindlier feelings of our nature are sure not to confine the practice of human kindness to men only , but will extend their consideration even to tho humblest among the lower animals . How can we picture to ourselves a genuine Mason who spends all his
days in a state ot peace and goodwill with all mankind being otherwise than humane iu his treatment of animals . A Mason who could beat unmercifully a horso , or a dog , or would work tho former when ailing , were certainly a paradox . Kindness to our fellow-creatures , must surely include kindness to cats , dogs , horses , and other members of the animal world . Besides , the folk who are not kindly
disposed towards animals , arc not usuall y kind towards their fellownien . Juat as we have pointed out that a truly kind man could not maltreat an animal ; so , it seems to us , must the converse proposition hold good—that one unkind to animals cannot be a truly kind man towards his fellows . It is , however , becoming more and more recognised every day as a duty we owe to humanity
—to place it on no higher ground—that all animals shonld receive the gentlest treatment at our hands . And with tho rapid strides that are being made in educational improvement , we shall soon begin to find a higher and more refined tone of feeling developed among the lower classes of men . Not , indeed , that cruelty towards animals is unknown among educated people , or kindness towards them among
the uneducated . But the preponderance of virtue in this , as in all other respects , will be found among the former , and of vice among the latter . Undoubtedly education softens the minds of men , and helps to eradicate the brutality that is innate in them . We must first , therefore , as Dr . Macaulay very properly points out , look to education to aid us in developing a kindlier treatment of animals
among all classes . Our next hel p will be from wise legislative enactment . The idea that we shall succeed in making people either kind or virtuous by Act of Parliament is , of course , ridiculous . But the mere fact that Parliament recognises more stringently than it does now tho claims of animals to kind treatment cannot fail to have a general deterrent effect . But Dr . Macaulay is not content with
pressing only the above points . Ho adduces the example of some of the most civilised nations of antiquity iu support of his plea . He cites for instance , the case of the Egyptians , among whom very many aulmala wero held sacred , and again that of the Jews , among whom a love for animals was strictly enjoined by the Mosaic law . We aro glad , indeed , to find that tho author brings forward so gallant
au array of reasons in support of his thesis , the justice of which , however , is self-evident . But there arc still further reasons , as the author points out . Thoso animals which are brought more immediately into contact with man possess a very high order of intelligence . The horse , the ass , the dog , the cat , these soon become attached to mrm , and it is surprising that folk after knowing this to be the case should not be more urgent in pressing their claims for
merciful treatment . Yet , as we remarked the other day in relation to Barnet Horso Fair , wc invariably find the greatest human brutes associated with tho gentlest and most intelligent animals , the horse aud dug being notable instances in evidence of our assertion . Other grounds aw uryed , but many of them will probably suggest thornselves to ihe miw . ' u of onr renders . However , i :: any c . uso , wecommend this Plea for Mercy to Animals to their notice in the firm belief that
Reviews.
having once read it they will direct their minds towards the attainment of that object which Dr . Macaulay is so strenuously seeking . We need not dwell longer on the Plea . Wo have shown that it is earnestly written , that it naturally commends itself to all right thinking people , and that in the course of time , the advocacy of such writers as Dr . Macaulay , and the example of such eminent persons as
the Baroness Burdett-Coutts and the late Sir Arthur Helps , will certainly be productive of good . Meanwhile , the Eoyal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals deserves our warmest sympathies and support , and we trust it will find itself at no distant date in a position to carry matters with a far higher hand against those brutes in human form , of which the number , even in these highly civilised days , is Legion .
HOILOWAY ' PIILS . —Look to your Health . —Any abrupt change m the weather always causes much disordered action in the human body . It is a matter of primary importance to rectify every irregularity without delay , which it is in tho power of every one to do by taking Holloway ' s Pills . These Pills aro tho best preventives of indigestion , and tho mildest aperients ever
prescribed . They purify and cool the blood , and equalise the circulation through the system , even to the minutest vessels of the skin . They act admirably on the liver and kidneys . By these salutary effects many ailments are averted , and moro serious illness prevented . Persons subject to bilious attacks , flatulency , gout , rheumatism , and rheumatic gout , will be benefitted by this treatment .
Correspondence.
CORRESPONDENCE .
We do not hold ourselves responsible for the opinions of our Correspondents . We cannot undertake to return rejected communications . All Letters must bear the name and address of the Writer , not necessarily for publication , but as a guarantee of good faith ,
OUR FREEMASONRY . To the Editor of THE FREEMASON ' S CHRONICIE . SIR , —Like your correspondent who signs himself a "Neophyte , " I have been hoping that yon would continue your articles on the "Archaaology of tho Craft . " I am sure you can throw great light upon this subject , and I am quite certain that a very large body of
the brethren aro interested in antiquarian researches having for thoir object the elucidation of obscure beginnings of the Order of Masonry . I havo myself devoted sonic little time to tho study of the archaeology of Egypt , aud I am of opiuion that the monuments of that mysterious l . intl will , if carefully studied , throw great light upon tho
early history of speculative Masonry . You have already directed attention to th- \ - (" let that the Egyptian Osiris aud the Greek Bacchus are one and the same , and this fact , carefully sifted , should afford a clue to matters of the deepest interest . Ii is well known that the Egyptians excelled in practical Masonry . Their works were the wonder and
admiration of the Greeks , in the days when the Greeks had themselves achieved a high degree of skill in tho constructive arts . When Manetho wrote his summary of Egyptian Chronology , the wonderful past upon which ho expended hia learning aud skill had become invested with all tho characteristics of a hoar antiquity . Egyptology has , in these days ,
assumed the dignity of a science , and it is possible that wo may soon know more of Egypt and its wonderful artificers than was known to Herodotus ; at all events , the works of Bunscn and others should afford material for the study of the place which Masonry held in Egyptian social life . Trusting that you will further elucidate tho Masonic past ,
I remain , Sir , Yours fraternally , London , 23 rd September . G . J . L .
DISCIPLINE . To the Editor of THE FREEMASON ' S CHKONIGXE . DEAR SIR AND BROTHER , —Discipline is justly placed in the foremost rank of Masonic qualifications , aud , as a rule , irregularities find no place in our procedures . The spirit of loyalty reigns supreme among Craftsmen , aud no one ever willingly or knowingly deviates from tho path laid down for onr guidance in the regulations of tho
Order . Exceptions do , however , sometimes arise , probably from the fact , of carelessness or neglect ou tho part of some whose business it should be to make themselves perfectly acquainted with tho laws of the Constitution . A Worshipful Master , whose position imposes upon him the government of his Lodge , should be sufficiently learned in what may with propriety be termed Masonic Common Law to
enable him to cheek oven an approach towards illegality . I have been led to enumerate thoso trite remarks by a report which has reached me , the authenticity of which 1 havo ho reason to question considering the reliable source whence it emanated . A very youthful suburban Lodge , whose name I will for the present forbear to mention , elected a W . M . for the ensuing year , iu the usual course . At the next regular meeting the majority refused to confirm tho minutes ,
therefore tho W . M . could not bo installed . So far the proceedings were right , according to law . Urnlcr these circumstances , the existing Master is bound by his obligation not to vacate his position until " the next regular period of election within the Lodge , or until a successor shall have beeu duly elected and installed iu his stead . " Now , the " next regular period" cannot again occur until after tho lapse oi ' twelve mouths . This our sapient brethren either did not kuow or
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software.
Reviews.
REVIEWS .
All Books intended for Eeview should be addressed to the Editor of The Freemason ' s Chronicle , 67 Barbican , E . C . Memoir of the Life of Admiral Sir E . Codrington . Edited and abridged from the larger work , by Lady BOURCHIER . London : •Longmans . 1875 .
To a maratime nation like England , the lives of its great admirals must ever possess a deep and abiding interest . The names of Drake , Howe and Nelson can only be forgotten when the country , whose flag they so often bore to victory , has fallen from her position in the scale of nations . Tho Memoirs of Sir Edward Codrington offer peculiar
features of interest , covering , as they do , one of the most thrilling periods of England ' s naval history . Almost the first engagement in which he held command was the ever memorable Battle of Trafalgar . It is interesting to note with what eagerness the officers of the fleet awaited the arrival of Lord Nelson during the few weeks which
preceded this great engagement . Admiral Collingwood is described as a " Stay-on-board , " and the question is repeatedly asked , in our hero ' s letters , "Is Lord Nelson coming out to us again ? " On September , the 4 th , he writes , " I anxiously hope he may be coming soon . " Again , on September the 20 th , " For charity ' s sake send us Lord Nelson , oh , ye
men of power . At last comes the intelligence , " Lord Nelson is arrived ! A sort of general joy has been the consequence . " The great battle follows close after this , and Lord Nelson is no more . Glorious as the victory was , the death of its hero seemed to nullify the disposition to rejoice over it . Codrington commanded the " Orion "
in this action , and greatly distinguished himself by his coolness and vigour . Tho letters of Sir Edward , from which there is a large number of extracts , prove him to have been a man of very keen perceptions , and kindly sympathies . All who take a pleasure in reading of England ' s triumphs by sea will hardly fail to enjoy a perusal of the volume .
Plea for Mercy to Animals . I . —Claims of the Lower Animals to humane treatment from man . II . —Various forma of needless suffering inflicted by man . III . —Means of prevention , legal and educational . IV . —Vivisection and other experiments on Living Animals . By JAMES MACAULAY , A . M ., M . D . Edin . Editor of the Leisure Hour . London : Eeligious Tract Society , 56 Paternoster Eow .
WE . feel confident that no appeal for mercy to the lower animals will be made in vain to Freemasons . Those who make it their chief delight to cultivate all the kindlier feelings of our nature are sure not to confine the practice of human kindness to men only , but will extend their consideration even to tho humblest among the lower animals . How can we picture to ourselves a genuine Mason who spends all his
days in a state ot peace and goodwill with all mankind being otherwise than humane iu his treatment of animals . A Mason who could beat unmercifully a horso , or a dog , or would work tho former when ailing , were certainly a paradox . Kindness to our fellow-creatures , must surely include kindness to cats , dogs , horses , and other members of the animal world . Besides , the folk who are not kindly
disposed towards animals , arc not usuall y kind towards their fellownien . Juat as we have pointed out that a truly kind man could not maltreat an animal ; so , it seems to us , must the converse proposition hold good—that one unkind to animals cannot be a truly kind man towards his fellows . It is , however , becoming more and more recognised every day as a duty we owe to humanity
—to place it on no higher ground—that all animals shonld receive the gentlest treatment at our hands . And with tho rapid strides that are being made in educational improvement , we shall soon begin to find a higher and more refined tone of feeling developed among the lower classes of men . Not , indeed , that cruelty towards animals is unknown among educated people , or kindness towards them among
the uneducated . But the preponderance of virtue in this , as in all other respects , will be found among the former , and of vice among the latter . Undoubtedly education softens the minds of men , and helps to eradicate the brutality that is innate in them . We must first , therefore , as Dr . Macaulay very properly points out , look to education to aid us in developing a kindlier treatment of animals
among all classes . Our next hel p will be from wise legislative enactment . The idea that we shall succeed in making people either kind or virtuous by Act of Parliament is , of course , ridiculous . But the mere fact that Parliament recognises more stringently than it does now tho claims of animals to kind treatment cannot fail to have a general deterrent effect . But Dr . Macaulay is not content with
pressing only the above points . Ho adduces the example of some of the most civilised nations of antiquity iu support of his plea . He cites for instance , the case of the Egyptians , among whom very many aulmala wero held sacred , and again that of the Jews , among whom a love for animals was strictly enjoined by the Mosaic law . We aro glad , indeed , to find that tho author brings forward so gallant
au array of reasons in support of his thesis , the justice of which , however , is self-evident . But there arc still further reasons , as the author points out . Thoso animals which are brought more immediately into contact with man possess a very high order of intelligence . The horse , the ass , the dog , the cat , these soon become attached to mrm , and it is surprising that folk after knowing this to be the case should not be more urgent in pressing their claims for
merciful treatment . Yet , as we remarked the other day in relation to Barnet Horso Fair , wc invariably find the greatest human brutes associated with tho gentlest and most intelligent animals , the horse aud dug being notable instances in evidence of our assertion . Other grounds aw uryed , but many of them will probably suggest thornselves to ihe miw . ' u of onr renders . However , i :: any c . uso , wecommend this Plea for Mercy to Animals to their notice in the firm belief that
Reviews.
having once read it they will direct their minds towards the attainment of that object which Dr . Macaulay is so strenuously seeking . We need not dwell longer on the Plea . Wo have shown that it is earnestly written , that it naturally commends itself to all right thinking people , and that in the course of time , the advocacy of such writers as Dr . Macaulay , and the example of such eminent persons as
the Baroness Burdett-Coutts and the late Sir Arthur Helps , will certainly be productive of good . Meanwhile , the Eoyal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals deserves our warmest sympathies and support , and we trust it will find itself at no distant date in a position to carry matters with a far higher hand against those brutes in human form , of which the number , even in these highly civilised days , is Legion .
HOILOWAY ' PIILS . —Look to your Health . —Any abrupt change m the weather always causes much disordered action in the human body . It is a matter of primary importance to rectify every irregularity without delay , which it is in tho power of every one to do by taking Holloway ' s Pills . These Pills aro tho best preventives of indigestion , and tho mildest aperients ever
prescribed . They purify and cool the blood , and equalise the circulation through the system , even to the minutest vessels of the skin . They act admirably on the liver and kidneys . By these salutary effects many ailments are averted , and moro serious illness prevented . Persons subject to bilious attacks , flatulency , gout , rheumatism , and rheumatic gout , will be benefitted by this treatment .
Correspondence.
CORRESPONDENCE .
We do not hold ourselves responsible for the opinions of our Correspondents . We cannot undertake to return rejected communications . All Letters must bear the name and address of the Writer , not necessarily for publication , but as a guarantee of good faith ,
OUR FREEMASONRY . To the Editor of THE FREEMASON ' S CHRONICIE . SIR , —Like your correspondent who signs himself a "Neophyte , " I have been hoping that yon would continue your articles on the "Archaaology of tho Craft . " I am sure you can throw great light upon this subject , and I am quite certain that a very large body of
the brethren aro interested in antiquarian researches having for thoir object the elucidation of obscure beginnings of the Order of Masonry . I havo myself devoted sonic little time to tho study of the archaeology of Egypt , aud I am of opiuion that the monuments of that mysterious l . intl will , if carefully studied , throw great light upon tho
early history of speculative Masonry . You have already directed attention to th- \ - (" let that the Egyptian Osiris aud the Greek Bacchus are one and the same , and this fact , carefully sifted , should afford a clue to matters of the deepest interest . Ii is well known that the Egyptians excelled in practical Masonry . Their works were the wonder and
admiration of the Greeks , in the days when the Greeks had themselves achieved a high degree of skill in tho constructive arts . When Manetho wrote his summary of Egyptian Chronology , the wonderful past upon which ho expended hia learning aud skill had become invested with all tho characteristics of a hoar antiquity . Egyptology has , in these days ,
assumed the dignity of a science , and it is possible that wo may soon know more of Egypt and its wonderful artificers than was known to Herodotus ; at all events , the works of Bunscn and others should afford material for the study of the place which Masonry held in Egyptian social life . Trusting that you will further elucidate tho Masonic past ,
I remain , Sir , Yours fraternally , London , 23 rd September . G . J . L .
DISCIPLINE . To the Editor of THE FREEMASON ' S CHKONIGXE . DEAR SIR AND BROTHER , —Discipline is justly placed in the foremost rank of Masonic qualifications , aud , as a rule , irregularities find no place in our procedures . The spirit of loyalty reigns supreme among Craftsmen , aud no one ever willingly or knowingly deviates from tho path laid down for onr guidance in the regulations of tho
Order . Exceptions do , however , sometimes arise , probably from the fact , of carelessness or neglect ou tho part of some whose business it should be to make themselves perfectly acquainted with tho laws of the Constitution . A Worshipful Master , whose position imposes upon him the government of his Lodge , should be sufficiently learned in what may with propriety be termed Masonic Common Law to
enable him to cheek oven an approach towards illegality . I have been led to enumerate thoso trite remarks by a report which has reached me , the authenticity of which 1 havo ho reason to question considering the reliable source whence it emanated . A very youthful suburban Lodge , whose name I will for the present forbear to mention , elected a W . M . for the ensuing year , iu the usual course . At the next regular meeting the majority refused to confirm tho minutes ,
therefore tho W . M . could not bo installed . So far the proceedings were right , according to law . Urnlcr these circumstances , the existing Master is bound by his obligation not to vacate his position until " the next regular period of election within the Lodge , or until a successor shall have beeu duly elected and installed iu his stead . " Now , the " next regular period" cannot again occur until after tho lapse oi ' twelve mouths . This our sapient brethren either did not kuow or