Literature.

the behaAuour of the " allied " French and English troops ; ive trust that John Chiuaman will soon learn the difference between French and English modes of carrying on war , and that ive may not be credited Avith participation in the jieculiarities of our neighbours . The next chapter is a translation from the same work , giving an account of the Chasseurs de Vincennes . This is followed by the long account of Marshal St . Arnaud , which , as we hai-e said , takes up a third of the French Under Arms . In the few sentences with which Mr . Jerrold introduces and

dismisses his lengthy quotations from St . Ariiaud ' s biograplry , he contrives to show us his intense admiration for what , we presume , ho considers a model soldier . We p > erceive that the career of St . Arnaud , as a young man , is discreetly passed OA'er , though it is sufficiently notorious . IMor has the author been able to describe any very great exploit of his hero until the time when , as Minister of War ,

he directed the December massacres of the coup d ' etat . We are told , however , that be had an overwhelming "respect for the powers that be ; " and tho " powers that be " no doubt marked jhim as a useful man , for his rise was very rapid after 1818 . His lotters , it is said , showhim to have been ' ¦ ' claring to rashness ; " but that daring rashness ivas certainly not displayed after the Alma , when French delays

destroyed Lord Raglan ' s hopes of taking Sebastopol by a coup de main . We are unwilling to speak unfeelingly of the final career of tho sinking invalid in the Crimea : but when these letters are held up to us for implicit reliance , we cannot but notice the egotism ivhieh pervades them , and the persistent casting of all blame upon tho English . The shortcomings of the British in the Crimean war have been

trumpeted forth by their oivn press and parliament all over the civilised world , but it is few , indeed , ivho know onetenth of the mismanagement and misery which characterised the French part " of the expedition . No special correspondents were ever ready to dispatch to the Paris journals

a miserable , pity-starving appeal for relief to their countrymen under arms before Sebastopol . No , their news was directed by a paternal government , and was made up of brilliant feats of arms performed by the glorious French , army—of laudations of the talents of their leaders—and of , perhaps , a shade of pity for the vastly inferior powers and abilities of their allies . The French journals did not

impress upon their readers that , but for the courage and skill of British seamen , the landing of the French troops could , not have been accomplished , or that , but for the English marine , they could hardly have been transported to the Crimea at all . It was not " theirs to hold tin to the admiration of French readers the prowess of the Light Brigade at Balaklava , or to remind them how , at Inkerniann ,

the British guards stood tho shock of an army and saved the allied troops from overwhelming surprise , doing on that day what no other soldiers but Englishmen could have done . The French must have heroes , however , and , if there be any scarcity , let them make one of St . Arnaud and welcome . Sir Charles Shaw ' s remarks the education of

upon French officers arc in the next chapter prefaced by some satirical sentences directed b y Mr . Jerrold against the aristocratic principle in the British army . Mr . Jerrold ' s satire is not very tremendous ; it is singularly mild , though possibly intended to be particularly stinging . Here is some of it : — "

" Lord Tuppnigham has been a very tiresome fellow , from the day when , to the horror of the Karl ' s servants , ho could walk alone . He revelled in mischief of all kinds before ho could write his name . You know the wondrous splutter upon paper which stands for his venerable name even now , in his thirtv-second vear . It was impossible to cram any serviceable knowledge into liis head . lint , then , of what use was knowled ge to the head that bore aloft , alon " ' the broad pavement of Piccadilly , such a hat ? Knowledge is the necessitof the head that hat

y wears no . " Can Military aristocracy survive this ? or . to carry out the elegant idea of the author , will uot that hat ' bo a " bonnetter" for tho most obtuse red tajust at tho Horse Guards . Mr . Jerrold informs us that lid out of every 1 .-1--2 I officers sent to the Crimea were Lord Tappin"hams ' , and proceeds to lash their whiskers , their " Piccadill y collars , '' i and the gloves , bought at lloubigants , which " cover their jewelled lingers . " \ Ve wonder if Mr . Jerrold ever saw an

Literature.

English officer riding a steeple-chase , rowing a match , or playing at- cricket . In our eyes , to excel in manly sports compensates for tho talent for dancing ivhieh he admires so much in French officers and soldiers , whose manners also he takes care to let ns know are by no means " coarse . " He points out that the French officer is not the son of an carl , but of a Lyons grocer and a pretty milliner , and that

ho is proud of it . AVas Mr . Jerrold ' s hero — the great Loroydc St . Arnaud—a grocer ' s heir ? AVas fie educated among olive jars and needles ? AA e have heard of some British officers Avho have made a figure in the world without being sons of earls . AAHrafc were the fathers of Sir Harry Smith , of Pollock , of Sale , of Otitram , and Lawrence ? Oil tho other hand , did the princely descent of the Napicrs

make them the worse soldiers ? and how came the genius of Wellington to spring from a- lordly stock ? Mr . Jerrold ' s illustrations are not happy , howei'er good may be his intentions . Ingenuity the French possess beyond allEuropeannations , and this is shown in their cultivation of the military as of the civil arts ; but in grandeur of natural purpose and enterprise , the Gaul is immeasurably the inferior of the Anglo-Saxon . He is conscious of this , and hence his

constant exercise of his utmost cleverness to conceal his oivn defects—to compensate for his weakness by cunningand , above all , to discover the " weak point iu his rival ' s cuirass . " Fortunately , the Englishman prefers to fight without a cuirass at all ; and , to this day , his coolness and courage have had the best of it . Arc iv c inferior to our fathers ? or are tho present race of Frenchmen mightier

than their ancestors ? Yet English grenadiers on many a bloody field have scattered the picked troops of France . The English Eifle Brigade in the Peninsular counted for something against French tirailleurs ; and , when , the time comes , if ever , English light infantry will proi'o as deadly marksmen as active skirmishers , and far more awkward customers at close quarters than all the Zouaves or

Chasseurs that can bo brought against them . Let tho French go on inventing new manoeuvres and now arms ; wo have always beaten them in men and hi material . Their crude notions have been perfected by British skill , and tho result has always been in our favour . At tho same time , Ave may remember that the great inventions which have changed tho destiny of nations have never sprung from French brains , but emanated from a greater race—their superior in arms , in science , and in state craft .

Notes On Literature, Science, And Art.

NOTES ON LITERATURE , SCIENCE , AND ART .

Professor Goklstucker commenced his lectures , at University College , London , on the Languages of India , on Saturday last . One of the offices of assistant-physician to the hospital of King "? College , London , is now vacant . The chemical laboratory of the Imiversity oi'LVdnburgh is to be opened for the winter session , on the 5 th of Xbveiuher , under the immediate superintendence of Professor Piny-fair .

. Some four years ago , a thousand letters of A ' oltaire were published for the first time ; three hundred others , principally collected by M . Kvariste Lavou . v , have just been made public , iu Paris . Dr . Charles Maekay , the popular poet , has been taking much interest in the election of a . member of parliament for the borough of Boston , in Lincolnshire , rendered vacant by the lamented death

of our late llro . Herbert Ingram , of the It tan rated LomloaKavs , the candidate being Mr . Geo . Tax ford , the proprietor of the Mark Lane Express , who was brought up in the sanio pvinting-oiHee as the late member . -Mr . . lames Llaekwood has the following works in preparation;—•A novel entitled " Ismae ! and Cassaudor , or i \\ t Jew and the Greek . "

A " Journal of what passed in the Temple Prison during the captivity of Louis XIV " ., King of Franco , " by Afons . Cleiy , the King ' s All let . And "Calebs iu Search of a Cook ; with Divers receipts and other delectable things relating to Hie Ga-tronomic Art . " Mr . William Mudd , of Great Avion , in Ch vGuii . l , has a w . vk in the press , entitled "A Al . anual of Ihilish Lichens , " to be s ; Id . to ¦ 'iibseriber .-i either with or without t-ni-ri ;';! . Air . Waail . w uiuier .