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Original Correspondence.
every penny of it" most religiously " when he arrived at Bedford , adding , in a jocular way , that he had frequently relieved poor and distressed Masons , but had never thought that he himself should have so soon been in that position . Perhaps , Sir , it is hardly necessary for me to say that from that time to this I have heard nothing of my military friend , and a letter quickly despatched to Bedford as quickly
came back tome through the " Dead Letter Office . " I then communicated with the Rev . Principal of Lancing College , who very kindly and courteousl y replied to my . letter by stating that he feared I may consider my loan to Captain M . as a positive gift , inasmuch as it was in the highest degree improbable that I would ever hear of him again ; that he some short time since had sons at the
Lancing College , but in consequence of the authorities being unable to obtain payment of fees they were not permitted to return ; also adding that Capt . M . when in that nei g hbourhood had ' very successfully succeeded in practising upon the credulity of the tradesmen all round , who would be equally pleased to learn his whereabouts . Before exposing the foregoing imposition I have waited ,
Sir , I think , a reasonable time , in the hope that after all I may have been mistaken in my supposition of the fraud ; but I think now , Sir , I am only discharging a public duty to my brethren by placing them on their guard against a brother whose manner and appearance I have described ;
and you may rely , Sir , upon the verification of the old truism , in my case at least , that "once bitten is twice shy . " I am , Sir , your obedient servant , I . P . M . No . S 3 . Cheltenham , Jan . Sth .
HERVEY MEMORIAL FUND . To the Editor of the " Freemason . " Dear Sir arid Brother , — On behalf of the Committee which has been formed to raise a fund in order to perpetuate the memory of the late Bro . John Hervey , P . G . D . and Past Grand Secretary , I ask you to be kind enough to print in your columns a circular ( now enclosed ) which is about to be sent
to every lodge and Royal Arch Chapter . under the English Constitution , and I also venture to hope that you will kindly permit me to acknowledge , with the like publicity , all sums which may be received in response to this appeal . I am , dear Sir and Brother , yours faithfully and fraternally , R . R . DAVIS , P . M . 256 , Hon . Sec . " Hervey Memorial Fund . " Melvill Lodge , Manor-road , Wallington , Surrey , January nth .
Sir and Brother , — A general feeling exists among the Masonic friends of the late Bro . John Hervey , P . G . D . of England , and Past Grand Secretary , that it would be a graceful and becoming act on the part of those who have been associated with him to commemorate in some fitting and permanent manner his unceasing endeavours , for a
period ot nearl y torty years , to promote the interest and to extend the usefulness of our Order . With this object in view a Committee has been formed , consisting of five members of the late Bro . Hervey ' s mother lodge , the Royal York , No . 7 , and five members of the Lodge of Unions , No . 256 , which he joined very shortl y after his initiation into Masonry , who have invited Bro . Sir John Monckton , President of the Board of General
Pur-Eoses , to be their Chairman , to which he has acceded : in oth of the above lodges Bro . Hervey was on three several occasions elected to the Chair , and to both he continued a subscribing member until his death . I am desired , Worshipful Master , to solicit your co-operation with the Committee in furtherance of this end—1 st . —By causing this communication to be read in open lod
ge . 2 nd . —By suggesting , if circumstances permit , a donation from the funds of your lodge . , 3 . rd . —By kindly receiving any subscriptions which individual members may be disposed to give . It is proposed that the amount received in answer to this appeal shall be invested in the names of Trustees , to be
hereafter appointed , and that the interest arising from such fund be applied in granting donations of £ 10 each , subject to increase , or decrease , if thought desirable , to the highest unsuccessful candidates ( male and female ) at each annual election of the Royal Masonic Benevolent Institution—an Institution in which Bro . Hervey took the deepest
interestand that such donations be known as "The Hervey Benefactions . " It is felt that such a mode of perpetuating the memory of ourlate friend and brother . will commend itself to all Masons who knew him and appreciated his great services to the lodges and chapters under the English Constitution . I shall be obliged if you will cause any sums received by you to be entered on the enclosed form ; also , b y your returning it to me , together with a remittance for the amount , by a cheque crossed " London and Westminster Bank , account of Hervey Memorial Fund , " which account
is opened in the joint names of Bros . Sir John B . Monckton , F . Adlard , P . M . and Treasurer , No . 7 and myself . I am , Sir and Brother , yours faithfully and fraternally , R . R . DAVIS , P . M . 256 , Hon . Secretary Hervey Memorial Fund .
ROYAL MASONIC BOYS' SCHOOL . To the Editor of the "Freemason . " Dear Sir and Brother , — Remarks made at the General Committee of the above Institution I duly notice in the Freemason of the 8 th inst ., respecting the son of the late Bro . Collingwood , and regret that brethren should advance a proposition as Bros .
Chancellor and Stewart in support of such a case . I believe our aim is to support worthy and necessitous cases at all times . Surely a . brother who has been in the habit of spending ei g ht or nine hundred pounds per year should be able toprovide ample provision for his small family at his decease . J , for one , fail to see any hardship the widow of the late Bro . Collingwood has to endure . .. If it is imperative that the child should be admitted into
we School , I think the £ 40 per annum left by the parent tor his maintenance and education should be periodically 'orwarded to the Institution . I fully endorse the sentiments of Bros . Matier and Gladwell , and with every wish to support the three grand principles , believe me to remain , "ear Sir and Brother , yours fraternally , n . . A LIFE SUBSCRIBER . Birmingham , Jan . nth .
Masonic Notes And Queries.
Masonic Notes and Queries .
STEPHEN MORIN . The following particulars concerning Stephen Morin are translated from Dr . George Kloss ' s " Histoiy of Freemasonry in France" ( Gesclischte der Freimaurerei in Frankreich , Vol . I ., pp . SS-g ) . The established repute of this indefatigable author gives due weight to what he says , and requires no comment from me . " In the course of the year 175 S , another System appeared at Paris bearing the pompous title of ' Empereurs d'Orient ct d'Occident . ' Its
members styled themselves Sovereign Prince Masons , Substitutes General of the Royal Art , Grand Wardens ( Surveillants ) and Officers of the Grand and Sovereign Lodge of St . John of Jerusalem . The system was composed of the following-twenty-five Degrees : I . Class . Apprentice , Companion , Master . II . Class . Secret Master , Perfect Master , Intimate Secretary , Provost and Judge , Intendant . HI . Class . Master Elect of Nine , Illustrious
Elect of Fifteen , Sublime Knight Elect . IV . Class . Grand Master Architect , Knight of the Royal Arch , Grand Elect . V . Class . Knight of the Orient , Prince of Jerusalem , Knight of the Orient and Occident , Sovereign Prince Rose Croix , Grand Pontiff Master ad vitam . VI . Class . Grand Roachite Patriarch , Grand Master of the Key of Masonry , Prince of Lebanon or Knight of the Royal Axe . VII . Class . Sovereign Prince Adepts , Grand Commander of the
Black Eagle , Sovereign Prince of the Royal Secret , these Grades were conferred under the designation of Degrees of Instruction ( Degres d'instruction ) . " . I would here remark that in this passage we already find the term " Royal Art" employed at a period long anterior to the supposed assumption of the Chieftainship of Masonry by the King Frederick II . of Prussia . It is also worthy of notice that these Degrees were termed Degrees of
Instruction , in that tallying with the later pretensions of the Ancient and , Primitive Rite to be an educational system But allow Kloss to proceed : . "These emperors have bequeathed an inheritance to Masonry in France , the irremediable consequences of which it was impossible for any one at that time to foresee . To these we owe the delivery of a patent , not specifying these High Degrees by name , on the 27 th August , 1761 , to Bro .
Stephen Morin on his departure for America . On account of its importance it was first completely printed in 1 S 12 , in Bazard's Memorial for the Chapter at Angers , then in Thory ' s History , and in other places . In any case an extract of the most important part will give a deep insight into the position and pretensions of the High Degrees at that time . 'To the glory ' of the G . A . O . T . U . in the Grand Orient of France , and by virtue of the pleasure of
His Serene Highness and Very Illustrious Brother Louisde Bourbon , Count of Clermont , Prince of the Blood , Grand Master and Protector of all regular Lodges , & c , on the 27 th of August , 1761 : We , the Subscribed General Substitute of the Royal Arch , Grand Wardens and members of the Grand and Sovereign Lodge of St . John at Jerusalem in the Orient of Paris ; and we , Princes Grand Masters of the Grand Council of Regular Lodges , under the protectio
of the Grand and Sovereign Lodge , in the holy and mysten rious numbers , declare , announce , and command all beloved-Brethren , Knights , and Princes in both hemispheres , that in our Convention , held by command of the General Substitute , the President of the Grand Council , it has been communicated to us through the Worshipful Bro . Lacorne the Substitute of our Very Illustrious Grand Master an ; Prince Mason , that during the session a petition was pre "
sented in order that our beloved Brother Stephan ( Stephen )" Morin , Grand Elect Perfect , and Past Sublime Master , Prince Mason , Knight and Sublime Prince of all Orders of High Masonry , a member of the Royal Lodge of the Trinity , is on the point of voyaging to America , and for the dissemination of the Royal Art in its superior Degrees , desiring to proceed with regularity , desires our good will that we should issue to him a patent for the constitution of
such Degrees . ' " He received the permission to establish in the place of his destination a St . John's Lodge , to be denominated Perfect Harmony ( la Parfaite Harmonic ) , with power to choose his officers at will , ' and we depute him in the capacity of our Deputy Grand Inspector for all parts of the New World to reform the observation of ourlaws in general , and we constitute , by these presents , our beloved Bro . Stephan
( Stephen ) Morin , our Grand Master Inspector , and empower him , and eive him authority in all partsof the world , to found perfect and exalted Masonry . We , therefore , request all the brethren in general to give to the said Bro . Morin every assistance and aid within their power , and require similar aid and assistance towards all brethren belonging to his lodge , or those whom he may have received and constituted , or such as he may hereafter so receive
and constitute , in the exalted Degree of Perfection , with which we invest him , together with full and perfect authority to nominate Inspectors in all places wherein there are not any graduated substitutes , inasmuch as we are well acquainted with his great acquirements and faculties . In testimony whereof we have given him these presents , signed by the General Substitute of the Order , Grand Commander of the White and Black Eagle , Sovereign Exalted
Princes of the Royal Secret and Chief of the Exalted Degree of the Royal Art , and bv us Exalted Grand Inspectors and members of the Grand Council and of the Grand Lodge erected in this metropolis , and we have sealed it with the great seal of our Illustrious Grand Master—His Serene Highness—together with that of our Grand Lodge and Sovereign Grand Council in the Grand Orient of Paris in the yearof light 5761 , or of theordinarv reckoning
on the 27 th August , 1761 . " Signed by Chaillou de Jonville , General Substitute of the Order , Worshipful Master of the first lodge in France , called St . Antoine , Chief of the Exalted Degree , Commandant and Exalted Prince of the Royal Secret ; Prince de Rohan , Master of the Grand Lodge of Intelligence , Sovereign Prince of Masonry ; Lacorne , Substitute of the Grand Master , Worshipful Deputy Master of the Lodge of the Trinity , Grand Perfect Elect , Knight and Prince Mason ; Savalette de Buckoly , Grand
Guardian of the Seals , & c . ; Taubin , Grand Ambassador ; the Count de Choiseul ; Boucher de Lenoncourt , Master of the Lodge of Virtue ; Brest de la Chaussee , Master of the Lodge of Exactitude , Grand Elect Perfect Mason , Knight Prince Mason . As representatives of the Grand Lodge : Daubantin , Grand Elect Prince Mason and Knight Prince Mason , Master of the Lodge St . Alphonse , Grand Secretary of the Grand Lodge and of the Sublime Council of Prince Masons in France and Bordeaux . " U would be taking up too much space to continue the pre-
Masonic Notes And Queries.
sent record ; so—without any comment—I will conclude this statement on another occasion and then give the text of Stephen Morin ' s suspension and subsequent career . KENNETH R . H . MACKENZIE , IX .
THE CHEVALIER RAMSAY . Bro . Gould ' s authenticated dates of Dermott ' s birth and initiation quite settle the question as to any direct communication between the latter and Ramsay , who must , if his biographers are correct , have returned to France before the time the Grand Secretary of the Ancients saw the light . Can Bro . Neilson inform us whether any evidence exists of Ramsay having visited or held any communication with
lodges m Ireland early in the last century ? All the Masonic works of reference give the date of Ramsay ' s birth as 166 S and his death as 1 743 , one year before the publication of Dassigny's pamphlet containing the unaccountable allusion to the Royal Arch at York . According to this the chevalier must have lived seventy-five years , although Mackey and Mackenzie have both made the extraordinary error of placing his age at fifty-six years . T . B . WHYTEHEAD .
RAMSAY'S TRAVELS OF CYRUS . I cannot find my authority as yet , but feel almost certain " of seeing once an edition of the " Travels of Cyrus " for the year 1726 ( English ) . I know the 2 nd English edition was published as follows : " The Travels of Cyrus , " in two volumes . To which is annexed a discourse upon the Theology and Mythology of the Ancients , by the Chevalier
Ramsay . Vol . 1 . The seCOn d edition London , & c , MDCCXXVII . ( 1727 ) , frontispiece , & C . Dedicated to Lord Landsdown , by Andrew Ramsay ( pp . viii , 312 ) . Vol . 2 . Frontispiece MDCCXXVIII . ( 172 S ; , pp . 196 . ' 17 pp . each French ahd English , & c , Chronology , and a discourse ( pp . 144 ) . I anticipate that the edition referred to by Bro . T . B . Wlivtf » lifi 5 ir ! ic n rnnrinf nf ttlf * frirponirta \ Our brother fof
once has gone " too far ahead " in his suggestions respecting Dermott and Ramsay , as the former wag riot born , according to Bro . Gould ( as also Grand Lodge Records ) until A . D . 1720 . It is riot at all clear what Ramsay had td do with the English " RovalArch . " or with the Sc ' otUshot
Irish , R . A ., as Bro . the Rev . A . F . A . Woodford , M . A ., has pointed out . The matter is still as difficult of elucidation as ever , but one fact appears clear to me , viz ., that Masonic Degrees ( separate and distinct , for the favoured few or those selected , only ) , were unknown before the last century . W . J . HUGHAN ,
With respect toDerniott and Ramsay , with Bro . Hughatl , I have always thought that the connection between them Masonically , as often alleged , was very doubtful . It is perfectly clear that Ramsay could not , from his Jacobite tendencies , have had anything to do with the English Grand Lodge , and his connection with Dermott is also , as I said before , dubious . Where Dermott erot the words Royal Arch
now is the " Crux ; " they certainly are , one must admit , a literal rendering ot "Arche Royale . " It is very possible that there was some intercourse between Ramsay and Ireland . The book which was burnt at Rome said to have been Written by Ramsay , though this fact is not quite clear , was published at Dublin by Patrice O'Dtilkt , is a point worth considering . Some recent discoveries of
Ramsay ' s correspondence with Cardinal Fleury seem to show that his interest in Freemasonry ceased in 173 6 , in consequence of the displeasure of Louis XV with the Freemasons . The earliest connection of the Royal Arch with the Antient Masons is not earlier than 1752 . The whole subject relating to Ramsay deserves more careful investigation than it has yet received , and I am glad to see the " Notes " thereanent . MASONIC STUDENT .
Reviews.
Reviews .
HISTORY OF FREEMASONRY IN MALTA . London George . Kenning . We do not remember ever to have entered upon the task of reviewing a Masonic work with more confidence than that with which we approach the book before us . Bro . A . M . Broadley , though still far short of the meridian of life , has achieved such a reputation as a Masonic worker and a Mason of erudition , and is , moreover , a brother of
such high mental attainments , that we have looked forward to the results of his researches in the district in which he exercises so salutary an influence with no small anticipations of pleasure as well as instruction ; and we are pleased to find that we have not been in the least degree disappointed . Not only is the "History of Freemasonry in Malta" written in a scholarly manner , but , as far as can be judged by those who have not had Bro . Broadley ' s opportunities for
investigation , it is thoroughly exhaustive , and leaves little or nothing to be desired . The author has collected a very large mass of reliable facts , and has then compiled and arranged them in an intelligible and comprehensive form , and we feel sure that every student of Masonic History will agree with us that a debt of gratitude is due to our brother for his labours in the construction of his " History , " and for the large amount of valuable information thereby placed
within the reach of members of the Craft in general . Bro . Broadley has divided his book into convenient sections , and naturally opens with a " History of Masonry in Malta " ii > early years . Malta appears not to be very much more fortunate than other Masonic centres in its archives , but it is interesting to know that before the extinction of the Ancient Order of the Knights of Malta Masonry was veryactive in the island , and that the Knights themselves were
its great patrons . The Roman Church being strongly opposed to our Order , some vexatious proceedings seem to have arisen between the Knights and the Pontificate on this question , but in spite of everything Masonry held its ground , and now has lived to see the destruction of the temporal power of its old opponent and its own renewal of youth . The author quotes Bro . W . R . Wright , formerly
P . G . M . of Malta , who said he had no reason to think that the Order of Malta had any connection with Masonry , further than its general patronage of the speculative working , but he saw points of singularly close resemblance between [ the two and with other orders of chivalry , "which in their gradations and principles of union bore such a striking resemblance to . our Institution as , combined with the Oriental origin , of those institutions , may fairly induce
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software.
Original Correspondence.
every penny of it" most religiously " when he arrived at Bedford , adding , in a jocular way , that he had frequently relieved poor and distressed Masons , but had never thought that he himself should have so soon been in that position . Perhaps , Sir , it is hardly necessary for me to say that from that time to this I have heard nothing of my military friend , and a letter quickly despatched to Bedford as quickly
came back tome through the " Dead Letter Office . " I then communicated with the Rev . Principal of Lancing College , who very kindly and courteousl y replied to my . letter by stating that he feared I may consider my loan to Captain M . as a positive gift , inasmuch as it was in the highest degree improbable that I would ever hear of him again ; that he some short time since had sons at the
Lancing College , but in consequence of the authorities being unable to obtain payment of fees they were not permitted to return ; also adding that Capt . M . when in that nei g hbourhood had ' very successfully succeeded in practising upon the credulity of the tradesmen all round , who would be equally pleased to learn his whereabouts . Before exposing the foregoing imposition I have waited ,
Sir , I think , a reasonable time , in the hope that after all I may have been mistaken in my supposition of the fraud ; but I think now , Sir , I am only discharging a public duty to my brethren by placing them on their guard against a brother whose manner and appearance I have described ;
and you may rely , Sir , upon the verification of the old truism , in my case at least , that "once bitten is twice shy . " I am , Sir , your obedient servant , I . P . M . No . S 3 . Cheltenham , Jan . Sth .
HERVEY MEMORIAL FUND . To the Editor of the " Freemason . " Dear Sir arid Brother , — On behalf of the Committee which has been formed to raise a fund in order to perpetuate the memory of the late Bro . John Hervey , P . G . D . and Past Grand Secretary , I ask you to be kind enough to print in your columns a circular ( now enclosed ) which is about to be sent
to every lodge and Royal Arch Chapter . under the English Constitution , and I also venture to hope that you will kindly permit me to acknowledge , with the like publicity , all sums which may be received in response to this appeal . I am , dear Sir and Brother , yours faithfully and fraternally , R . R . DAVIS , P . M . 256 , Hon . Sec . " Hervey Memorial Fund . " Melvill Lodge , Manor-road , Wallington , Surrey , January nth .
Sir and Brother , — A general feeling exists among the Masonic friends of the late Bro . John Hervey , P . G . D . of England , and Past Grand Secretary , that it would be a graceful and becoming act on the part of those who have been associated with him to commemorate in some fitting and permanent manner his unceasing endeavours , for a
period ot nearl y torty years , to promote the interest and to extend the usefulness of our Order . With this object in view a Committee has been formed , consisting of five members of the late Bro . Hervey ' s mother lodge , the Royal York , No . 7 , and five members of the Lodge of Unions , No . 256 , which he joined very shortl y after his initiation into Masonry , who have invited Bro . Sir John Monckton , President of the Board of General
Pur-Eoses , to be their Chairman , to which he has acceded : in oth of the above lodges Bro . Hervey was on three several occasions elected to the Chair , and to both he continued a subscribing member until his death . I am desired , Worshipful Master , to solicit your co-operation with the Committee in furtherance of this end—1 st . —By causing this communication to be read in open lod
ge . 2 nd . —By suggesting , if circumstances permit , a donation from the funds of your lodge . , 3 . rd . —By kindly receiving any subscriptions which individual members may be disposed to give . It is proposed that the amount received in answer to this appeal shall be invested in the names of Trustees , to be
hereafter appointed , and that the interest arising from such fund be applied in granting donations of £ 10 each , subject to increase , or decrease , if thought desirable , to the highest unsuccessful candidates ( male and female ) at each annual election of the Royal Masonic Benevolent Institution—an Institution in which Bro . Hervey took the deepest
interestand that such donations be known as "The Hervey Benefactions . " It is felt that such a mode of perpetuating the memory of ourlate friend and brother . will commend itself to all Masons who knew him and appreciated his great services to the lodges and chapters under the English Constitution . I shall be obliged if you will cause any sums received by you to be entered on the enclosed form ; also , b y your returning it to me , together with a remittance for the amount , by a cheque crossed " London and Westminster Bank , account of Hervey Memorial Fund , " which account
is opened in the joint names of Bros . Sir John B . Monckton , F . Adlard , P . M . and Treasurer , No . 7 and myself . I am , Sir and Brother , yours faithfully and fraternally , R . R . DAVIS , P . M . 256 , Hon . Secretary Hervey Memorial Fund .
ROYAL MASONIC BOYS' SCHOOL . To the Editor of the "Freemason . " Dear Sir and Brother , — Remarks made at the General Committee of the above Institution I duly notice in the Freemason of the 8 th inst ., respecting the son of the late Bro . Collingwood , and regret that brethren should advance a proposition as Bros .
Chancellor and Stewart in support of such a case . I believe our aim is to support worthy and necessitous cases at all times . Surely a . brother who has been in the habit of spending ei g ht or nine hundred pounds per year should be able toprovide ample provision for his small family at his decease . J , for one , fail to see any hardship the widow of the late Bro . Collingwood has to endure . .. If it is imperative that the child should be admitted into
we School , I think the £ 40 per annum left by the parent tor his maintenance and education should be periodically 'orwarded to the Institution . I fully endorse the sentiments of Bros . Matier and Gladwell , and with every wish to support the three grand principles , believe me to remain , "ear Sir and Brother , yours fraternally , n . . A LIFE SUBSCRIBER . Birmingham , Jan . nth .
Masonic Notes And Queries.
Masonic Notes and Queries .
STEPHEN MORIN . The following particulars concerning Stephen Morin are translated from Dr . George Kloss ' s " Histoiy of Freemasonry in France" ( Gesclischte der Freimaurerei in Frankreich , Vol . I ., pp . SS-g ) . The established repute of this indefatigable author gives due weight to what he says , and requires no comment from me . " In the course of the year 175 S , another System appeared at Paris bearing the pompous title of ' Empereurs d'Orient ct d'Occident . ' Its
members styled themselves Sovereign Prince Masons , Substitutes General of the Royal Art , Grand Wardens ( Surveillants ) and Officers of the Grand and Sovereign Lodge of St . John of Jerusalem . The system was composed of the following-twenty-five Degrees : I . Class . Apprentice , Companion , Master . II . Class . Secret Master , Perfect Master , Intimate Secretary , Provost and Judge , Intendant . HI . Class . Master Elect of Nine , Illustrious
Elect of Fifteen , Sublime Knight Elect . IV . Class . Grand Master Architect , Knight of the Royal Arch , Grand Elect . V . Class . Knight of the Orient , Prince of Jerusalem , Knight of the Orient and Occident , Sovereign Prince Rose Croix , Grand Pontiff Master ad vitam . VI . Class . Grand Roachite Patriarch , Grand Master of the Key of Masonry , Prince of Lebanon or Knight of the Royal Axe . VII . Class . Sovereign Prince Adepts , Grand Commander of the
Black Eagle , Sovereign Prince of the Royal Secret , these Grades were conferred under the designation of Degrees of Instruction ( Degres d'instruction ) . " . I would here remark that in this passage we already find the term " Royal Art" employed at a period long anterior to the supposed assumption of the Chieftainship of Masonry by the King Frederick II . of Prussia . It is also worthy of notice that these Degrees were termed Degrees of
Instruction , in that tallying with the later pretensions of the Ancient and , Primitive Rite to be an educational system But allow Kloss to proceed : . "These emperors have bequeathed an inheritance to Masonry in France , the irremediable consequences of which it was impossible for any one at that time to foresee . To these we owe the delivery of a patent , not specifying these High Degrees by name , on the 27 th August , 1761 , to Bro .
Stephen Morin on his departure for America . On account of its importance it was first completely printed in 1 S 12 , in Bazard's Memorial for the Chapter at Angers , then in Thory ' s History , and in other places . In any case an extract of the most important part will give a deep insight into the position and pretensions of the High Degrees at that time . 'To the glory ' of the G . A . O . T . U . in the Grand Orient of France , and by virtue of the pleasure of
His Serene Highness and Very Illustrious Brother Louisde Bourbon , Count of Clermont , Prince of the Blood , Grand Master and Protector of all regular Lodges , & c , on the 27 th of August , 1761 : We , the Subscribed General Substitute of the Royal Arch , Grand Wardens and members of the Grand and Sovereign Lodge of St . John at Jerusalem in the Orient of Paris ; and we , Princes Grand Masters of the Grand Council of Regular Lodges , under the protectio
of the Grand and Sovereign Lodge , in the holy and mysten rious numbers , declare , announce , and command all beloved-Brethren , Knights , and Princes in both hemispheres , that in our Convention , held by command of the General Substitute , the President of the Grand Council , it has been communicated to us through the Worshipful Bro . Lacorne the Substitute of our Very Illustrious Grand Master an ; Prince Mason , that during the session a petition was pre "
sented in order that our beloved Brother Stephan ( Stephen )" Morin , Grand Elect Perfect , and Past Sublime Master , Prince Mason , Knight and Sublime Prince of all Orders of High Masonry , a member of the Royal Lodge of the Trinity , is on the point of voyaging to America , and for the dissemination of the Royal Art in its superior Degrees , desiring to proceed with regularity , desires our good will that we should issue to him a patent for the constitution of
such Degrees . ' " He received the permission to establish in the place of his destination a St . John's Lodge , to be denominated Perfect Harmony ( la Parfaite Harmonic ) , with power to choose his officers at will , ' and we depute him in the capacity of our Deputy Grand Inspector for all parts of the New World to reform the observation of ourlaws in general , and we constitute , by these presents , our beloved Bro . Stephan
( Stephen ) Morin , our Grand Master Inspector , and empower him , and eive him authority in all partsof the world , to found perfect and exalted Masonry . We , therefore , request all the brethren in general to give to the said Bro . Morin every assistance and aid within their power , and require similar aid and assistance towards all brethren belonging to his lodge , or those whom he may have received and constituted , or such as he may hereafter so receive
and constitute , in the exalted Degree of Perfection , with which we invest him , together with full and perfect authority to nominate Inspectors in all places wherein there are not any graduated substitutes , inasmuch as we are well acquainted with his great acquirements and faculties . In testimony whereof we have given him these presents , signed by the General Substitute of the Order , Grand Commander of the White and Black Eagle , Sovereign Exalted
Princes of the Royal Secret and Chief of the Exalted Degree of the Royal Art , and bv us Exalted Grand Inspectors and members of the Grand Council and of the Grand Lodge erected in this metropolis , and we have sealed it with the great seal of our Illustrious Grand Master—His Serene Highness—together with that of our Grand Lodge and Sovereign Grand Council in the Grand Orient of Paris in the yearof light 5761 , or of theordinarv reckoning
on the 27 th August , 1761 . " Signed by Chaillou de Jonville , General Substitute of the Order , Worshipful Master of the first lodge in France , called St . Antoine , Chief of the Exalted Degree , Commandant and Exalted Prince of the Royal Secret ; Prince de Rohan , Master of the Grand Lodge of Intelligence , Sovereign Prince of Masonry ; Lacorne , Substitute of the Grand Master , Worshipful Deputy Master of the Lodge of the Trinity , Grand Perfect Elect , Knight and Prince Mason ; Savalette de Buckoly , Grand
Guardian of the Seals , & c . ; Taubin , Grand Ambassador ; the Count de Choiseul ; Boucher de Lenoncourt , Master of the Lodge of Virtue ; Brest de la Chaussee , Master of the Lodge of Exactitude , Grand Elect Perfect Mason , Knight Prince Mason . As representatives of the Grand Lodge : Daubantin , Grand Elect Prince Mason and Knight Prince Mason , Master of the Lodge St . Alphonse , Grand Secretary of the Grand Lodge and of the Sublime Council of Prince Masons in France and Bordeaux . " U would be taking up too much space to continue the pre-
Masonic Notes And Queries.
sent record ; so—without any comment—I will conclude this statement on another occasion and then give the text of Stephen Morin ' s suspension and subsequent career . KENNETH R . H . MACKENZIE , IX .
THE CHEVALIER RAMSAY . Bro . Gould ' s authenticated dates of Dermott ' s birth and initiation quite settle the question as to any direct communication between the latter and Ramsay , who must , if his biographers are correct , have returned to France before the time the Grand Secretary of the Ancients saw the light . Can Bro . Neilson inform us whether any evidence exists of Ramsay having visited or held any communication with
lodges m Ireland early in the last century ? All the Masonic works of reference give the date of Ramsay ' s birth as 166 S and his death as 1 743 , one year before the publication of Dassigny's pamphlet containing the unaccountable allusion to the Royal Arch at York . According to this the chevalier must have lived seventy-five years , although Mackey and Mackenzie have both made the extraordinary error of placing his age at fifty-six years . T . B . WHYTEHEAD .
RAMSAY'S TRAVELS OF CYRUS . I cannot find my authority as yet , but feel almost certain " of seeing once an edition of the " Travels of Cyrus " for the year 1726 ( English ) . I know the 2 nd English edition was published as follows : " The Travels of Cyrus , " in two volumes . To which is annexed a discourse upon the Theology and Mythology of the Ancients , by the Chevalier
Ramsay . Vol . 1 . The seCOn d edition London , & c , MDCCXXVII . ( 1727 ) , frontispiece , & C . Dedicated to Lord Landsdown , by Andrew Ramsay ( pp . viii , 312 ) . Vol . 2 . Frontispiece MDCCXXVIII . ( 172 S ; , pp . 196 . ' 17 pp . each French ahd English , & c , Chronology , and a discourse ( pp . 144 ) . I anticipate that the edition referred to by Bro . T . B . Wlivtf » lifi 5 ir ! ic n rnnrinf nf ttlf * frirponirta \ Our brother fof
once has gone " too far ahead " in his suggestions respecting Dermott and Ramsay , as the former wag riot born , according to Bro . Gould ( as also Grand Lodge Records ) until A . D . 1720 . It is riot at all clear what Ramsay had td do with the English " RovalArch . " or with the Sc ' otUshot
Irish , R . A ., as Bro . the Rev . A . F . A . Woodford , M . A ., has pointed out . The matter is still as difficult of elucidation as ever , but one fact appears clear to me , viz ., that Masonic Degrees ( separate and distinct , for the favoured few or those selected , only ) , were unknown before the last century . W . J . HUGHAN ,
With respect toDerniott and Ramsay , with Bro . Hughatl , I have always thought that the connection between them Masonically , as often alleged , was very doubtful . It is perfectly clear that Ramsay could not , from his Jacobite tendencies , have had anything to do with the English Grand Lodge , and his connection with Dermott is also , as I said before , dubious . Where Dermott erot the words Royal Arch
now is the " Crux ; " they certainly are , one must admit , a literal rendering ot "Arche Royale . " It is very possible that there was some intercourse between Ramsay and Ireland . The book which was burnt at Rome said to have been Written by Ramsay , though this fact is not quite clear , was published at Dublin by Patrice O'Dtilkt , is a point worth considering . Some recent discoveries of
Ramsay ' s correspondence with Cardinal Fleury seem to show that his interest in Freemasonry ceased in 173 6 , in consequence of the displeasure of Louis XV with the Freemasons . The earliest connection of the Royal Arch with the Antient Masons is not earlier than 1752 . The whole subject relating to Ramsay deserves more careful investigation than it has yet received , and I am glad to see the " Notes " thereanent . MASONIC STUDENT .
Reviews.
Reviews .
HISTORY OF FREEMASONRY IN MALTA . London George . Kenning . We do not remember ever to have entered upon the task of reviewing a Masonic work with more confidence than that with which we approach the book before us . Bro . A . M . Broadley , though still far short of the meridian of life , has achieved such a reputation as a Masonic worker and a Mason of erudition , and is , moreover , a brother of
such high mental attainments , that we have looked forward to the results of his researches in the district in which he exercises so salutary an influence with no small anticipations of pleasure as well as instruction ; and we are pleased to find that we have not been in the least degree disappointed . Not only is the "History of Freemasonry in Malta" written in a scholarly manner , but , as far as can be judged by those who have not had Bro . Broadley ' s opportunities for
investigation , it is thoroughly exhaustive , and leaves little or nothing to be desired . The author has collected a very large mass of reliable facts , and has then compiled and arranged them in an intelligible and comprehensive form , and we feel sure that every student of Masonic History will agree with us that a debt of gratitude is due to our brother for his labours in the construction of his " History , " and for the large amount of valuable information thereby placed
within the reach of members of the Craft in general . Bro . Broadley has divided his book into convenient sections , and naturally opens with a " History of Masonry in Malta " ii > early years . Malta appears not to be very much more fortunate than other Masonic centres in its archives , but it is interesting to know that before the extinction of the Ancient Order of the Knights of Malta Masonry was veryactive in the island , and that the Knights themselves were
its great patrons . The Roman Church being strongly opposed to our Order , some vexatious proceedings seem to have arisen between the Knights and the Pontificate on this question , but in spite of everything Masonry held its ground , and now has lived to see the destruction of the temporal power of its old opponent and its own renewal of youth . The author quotes Bro . W . R . Wright , formerly
P . G . M . of Malta , who said he had no reason to think that the Order of Malta had any connection with Masonry , further than its general patronage of the speculative working , but he saw points of singularly close resemblance between [ the two and with other orders of chivalry , "which in their gradations and principles of union bore such a striking resemblance to . our Institution as , combined with the Oriental origin , of those institutions , may fairly induce