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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software.
Ad00505
JAPAN IN LONDON . Under Royal Patronage . 250 , 000 Persons have already visited TAMAKER'S JAPANESE TILLAGE . Albert Gate , Hyde Park ( near top of Sloane St . ) . Fresh arrivals from Japan . Five streets of houses and shops constructed and peopled by the Japanese , who may be seen engaged at their various occupations as in their own country , daily . Eleven a . m . to Ten p . m ., is ., children , 6 d . ; Wednesdays , 2 s . ( 3 d ., children , is . Japanese Entertainments at Twelve , Three , and Eight ( free . ) Military Band .
Ad00506
PERILS ABOUND ON EVERY SIDE ! 105 , 000 ACCIDENTS For which Two Millions have been paid as Compensation By the RAILWAY PASSENGERS' ASSURANCE COMPANY , 64 , CORNHILL , ACCIDENTS OF ALL KINDS . Paid-up and Invested Funds , £ 260 , 000 ; Premium Income , £ 235 , 000 . CHAIRMAN . —HARVIE M . FARQUHAR , ESQ . Apply to the Clerks at the Railway Stations , the Local Agents , or West End Office : 8 , GRAND HOTEL BUILDINGS , CHARING CROSS ; or at the HEAD OFFICE : —64 , CORNHILL , LONDON , E . C . WILLIAM J . VIAN , Secretary .
To Correspondents.
To Correspondents .
WILLIAM HARDAKER . —We do not consider it either wise or expedient to give publicity to your letter . It would no doubt be very satisfactory if the old relations between the two bodies could be restored , but , in our judgment , it rests entirely with the Grand Lodge to determine when and under what conditions such restoration should take place .
The following communications stand over—CRAFT LODGES—Robert Burns , 25 ; Arboretum , 731 ; Ranelagh , S 34 ( installation ); Temple , 1094 ; Saville , 1231 ; Era , 1423 ( installation ); Wanderers , 1604 ( installation ); Creaton , 1791 . LODGE OF INSTRUCTION—Wanderers , 1604 . Consecration Prince Leopold Mark Lodge , No . 352 , at Ripon . CORRESPONDENCE— "A Student in Masonry , " "A Lancashire Freemason . " NOTES AND QUERIES—Inverness Lodge . French Freemasonry . —Masonic Concert at Cookstown .
BOOKS , & c , RECEIVED . " Court Circular , " " El Taller , " «« Masonic Truth , " " Lc Moniteur dc la Chance Utuversetle , " ¦ ' Freimaurer Zcttung , " " Orient , " "Report of thc Punjab Masonic Institution for Educating the Children of Indigent freemasons for the Year 1884 , " "Allen ' s Indian Mail , " "Buxton Advertiser , " "Jewish Chronicle , " " New Zealand Freemason , " "Sunday Times " ( New York ) , " Liberal Freemason , " " The Freemason " ( Detroit ) , " New Zealand Craftsman and Masonic Review , " " New York Dispatch , " " Masonic Advocate , " " Keystone " ( Philadelphia ) , " Hull Packet , " " Broad Arrow , " " Sunday Times" ( London ) , * ' Citizen . "
Ar00507
SATURDAY , APRIL IS , 1885 .
Original Correspondence.
Original Correspondence .
[ We do not hold ourselves responsible for , or even approving of 'he opinions expressed by our correspondents , but we wish in a spirit of fair play to all to permit—within certain necessary limits—free discussion . ]
THE BALLOT-ITS USE AND ABUSE . To the Editor of thc "Freemason . " Dear Sir and Brother , ,, I'he correspondence on this subject reminds one of me West country farmer and his estimate of light wines when first introduced at an audit dinner . In the course of tne
evening he was asked "how he liked the Claret ? " * ' I aon t altogether dislike it , " he replied , " but I don't seem w get any forwarder with it . " So with this subject of the Mllot , ' we don't seem to get any forwarder with it , " as snmvn by the letters in your last issue . lo say "the essence of the ballot is secrecv . " ! ¦_ simnlv
ro % 1 ballot )' sthe ballot ;* it does not help us as egards the question uppermost in the minds of most of Mu " ^ " - "pondents , viz ., if the ballot bc abused to black enni ^ l , s ' notfor any reason connected with such candidates , but ; itl J ° P f ' 'he W . M . having any ceremonies ; dates- petty spitc t 0 the P P ° sers oi said candihal ' , i P ut of . " ^ . atlon to the majority of a Iodge which objected ** * ° ' ufion > to lvh , ch the blackballed
as a _ -h , o J to . P ' ify the above reasons , which were cited » ™ ? M , ' o P ? "Ballot , " in his letter to the FreeconXfc 2 S ; h' > J £ th l ? '' ^ *«* abused what by theaW ) redress have the lod ges or brethren injured abso utefc ' * ;• According-to «' S . M . M . C . O . " -- ^ tel ynone . According to a " P . G . Sec . " complaint
Original Correspondence.
to the P . G . Master , according to others , "if conspiracy to black ball can be shown , or if a brother has threatened to black ball , " then a Masonic offence has been committed , and the offenders can be punished by the proper Masonic authorities . But , Sir , I humbly submit that if it be a Masonic offence to threaten or to conspire , the overt act , which fulfils the
threat , or carries out the conspiracy , must be a still greater offence . To threaten , or conspire to murder , cannot be a greater offence than murder itself . The inviolability of the ballot is sound so long as the ballot is rightly and properly used , viz ., to defend and protect the members of a lodge from the admission of
candidates whose presence might disturb its harmony , orotherwise injure its prosperity and usefulness ; but plainly it should not be abused in the manner above noted , nor used as a weapon to attack and injure the lodge or any of its members . In the cases ( a ) ( b ) ( c ) above cited , what constitutional redress do our Constitutions or our practice and customs provide?—Yours fraternally ,
G . T . BUDDEN . P . S . —A " Master Mason , " anent this subject , remarks : " Respecting a candidate not being in a good financial position , I differ , " & c . He misquotes "Ballot , " who used the constitutional phrase , " not in reputable circumstances . " Unless a man is in reputable circumstances , he cannot be a fit and proper person to be made a Mason , according to our Constitutions . —G . T . B .
THE WORD HELE . To the Editor of the " Freemason . " Dear Sir and Brother , Although both Bros . Whytehead and Stevens refer to Chaucer as using this word , neither give the chapter and verse . Indeed , Bro . Whytehead cautiously says , " I believe the word is to be found in Chaucer . "
Two or three years ago , in a letter which you kindly inserted in the Freemason . I pointed out that the word was used by Langland in the "Vision of William , concerning PIERS THE PLOWMAN , " as well as by CHAUCER , in exactly the same sense as used by us Freemasons . In " Piers the Plowman , " Passus V , lines 166 , 167 , and 16 S , we have the following passage ,
" Seynt Gregorie was a gode pope' and had a £ ode fonvit , That no priouresse were prest' for that he ordeigned . Thei had thaane ben infamis the firste day ¦ thei can so yuel hole conseille . " i . e . —they can so ill hele counsel . Our modern idiom would be—They cannot keep counsel ; the word cancelled being understood though not
expressed . Chaucer uses the . word in the " Wyf of Bathes Tale , " line 6532 : " Pardy , we wymmen can tight no thing hele , witnes on Mida . "—And she then tells the tale of Midas with the asses ears—in support of her assertion . Years ago my attention was arrested by the word " Verhelen , " in a German translation of the English Book
of Common Prayer . In the Confession the phrase , " not dissemble nor cloak them , " is rendered , " sic—weder verhelen moch bemanteln . " In GRIEB ' S German Dictionary VERHELEN is Englistic to hide , to secrete ; VERHELEN , a hider , concealer , dissembler . Its primitive HEHL , is Englistic—secresy ; the verb HEHLEN , to conceal ; and HEHLER , a concealer , a receiver of stolen
goods . The difference between our old hele and hale is similar to that between the the German Hehl and Hcil . There does not appear to be much obscurity about the word hele ; cowan seems far more difficult to tracewhether it has any other relation than that of sound to the Hebrew Cohen . I am not recondite enough to hazard an opinion . —Yours fraternally , G . T . BUDDEN .
AN ENQUIRY . To the Editor of " The Freemason . " Dear Sir and Brother , I should like to know the rule ( if any ) or custom which applies to the following case : — A candidate is initiated in Ireland , leaves the country to reside permanently in England , in a town where there is a lodge , in which he wishes to get his Second and Third
Degrees , with the consent and assistance of his original lodge . What steps are necessary to effect his purpose legally and constitutionally ? Assuming that he _ receives his Third Degree , which lodge obtains his certificate ? Also , having paid the full initiation fees in Ireland , would an English lodge ( as a rule ) confer the other Degrees free of charge?—Yours fraternally , HIBERNIAN .
THE PRINCIPLE OF THE BALLOT . To the Editor of the " Freemason . " Dear Sir and Brother , As it is " very important that there should be no mistake on such a prevailing point , " I venture to trespass on your patience again , as 1 have not yet had a satisfactory answer to my question .
With all due deference to Bro . "S . M . M . C . O . " and yourself , I think that Bro . Whytehead and I have a clear idea of what is to our mind the " pointof the matter . " Bro . "S . M . M . C . O . " rather begs the question . He quotes Laws 272-274 , as the authority of the Board for dealing with the matter , but that authority I never Questioned . On the contrary , I assumed that the Board
had proceeded according to the _ Laws ( via Law 273 ) . My point arises under Law 276 , which lays down that " when the Board has . . . decided on any case which . . requires . . . suspension , the offence shall be fully stated in the minutes , shall be declared proved , thc law relating thereto , if the offence is provided against , quoted , and the decision recorded . " As no law was quoted in the report of Grand Lodge I do
not think I made an improper request in asking for a little explanation as to what is that " principle of the ballot " which was said to be nullified . I do not think the dictionaries rjuite bear out Bro . "S . M . M . C . O ., " for his one meaning given is " a secret method of voting at elections . " Yet other meanings given are simply " a vote , " " act of voting" without reference to secrecy . A Club , of course , goes by its own laws only , and in case
Original Correspondence.
of an abuse of the ballot can take its own steps . In a parliamentary election I would remind "S . M . M . C . O . " that in certain cases it is possible to go behind the ballot . I should hardly have thought my questions in my first letter could be considered " conundrums . " Surely there
must be decisions of the Board bearing on the points I raised . But I shall be quite satisfied if I can get authoritative answers to these two questions to begin with . ( a . ) Is the " principle of the ballot" absolute and inviolable secrecy under all circumstances ? ( b . ) What law did the Board quote in their minutes as the one under which they acted ?—Yours fraternally , LEX SCRIPTA .
THE ABUSE OF THE BALLOT . To the Editor of the "Freemason . " Dear Sir and Brother , Without doubt many brethren will have been deeply interested in perusing the correspondence which has lately taken place in your paper on the above subject , and I feel confident that many , like myself , will agree with the
remarks of Bro . T . B . Whytehead , wherein he states that any brother who threatens to misuse the ballet should be summoned to appear before his lodge , so that his conduct may be made the subject of investigation . I have , during the time of my connection with the Craft , known several most worthy individuals who might to-day have been useful members of , and ornaments to , our good
old Fraternity but for the threatened misuse of the ballot . But there is one way to deal with the question , and one which , if more frequently acted on by the misused applicant for admission , would , in my humble . opinion , do more to abolish this abuse than anything else , and that is , to knock at the door of some other ledge . I know a person who , some years ago , was desirous of
becoming a Mason , and at that time , and for about seven years previously , had been living in a small provincial town . He did not contemplate seeking admission into the local lodge , but had always preferred joiningone in a neighbouring town , wherein several members of his family had been initiated and had been through the various offices ; but on his mentioning the matter to a Mason , he was advised to the
offer himself ^ to local lodge as a matter of courtesy . He at once saw the soundness ot the advices , and a brother of the local lodge undertook his proposition ; but , for some unexplained reason , that proposition was never made , and it at once became clear that he had " a friend" in the Iodge . He at once applied for admission to the lodge in the neighbouring town , was gladly received , and in due course
took his degrees . And now comes the peculiar part of the whole affair . When it became known that he had been admitted by the neighbouring lodge , several of the local brethren declared that he had acted badly in going away from the town for initiation . But , Sir , I have a very strong
impression ( and I might with safety use a stronger expression ) that the very men who said so were those who had been against his admission in the first instance . This was not thc first time that an eligible candidate had been so treated ; but I personally know that up to the present time he was thc last . —Yours fraternally , JUSTICE .
Masonic Notes And Queries.
Masonic Notes and Queries .
567 ] PASCHALIS AND CONTI . Would " G . C . D . i 744 " ( Paris ) inform me what authority there is for saying that Paschatis was propagating Masonry in 1738 ? Also how were Conti and Clermont related to each other ? Some historians confuse the two , or make them the same person . JOHN YARKER .
568 ] _ HELE . If your readers will refer to Webster ' s Dictionary , revised by Chauncy Gooderich and Noah Porte , D . D ., they will there find i "Hele ( verb trans . ) [ Anglo-Sax . and old Hicrh German helan . and new Hieh German hehlan . allied
to Latin celare ; whence Gothic and old High German hullen ; Ice ! ., hylia ; Sweden , holja ; Dan ., hylle ; to cover , vail , c . f . hill , verb trans . 2 , and conceal ] . To hide ; to conceal ; to cover j to roof gower . " This appears to me to meet the case .
MARK NATHAN , sgg . 569 ] . ¦ This word is derived from the Anglo-Saxon verb helan , to cover , hide , or conceal . In Sussex we retain many purely Saxon words , and amongst them the term heal ( or hele ) , which is generally connected with roofs . Thus an architect certifies for advances to be made to a builder when a house is hcalcd-in , i . e ., covered in , and a particular
kind of stone found near Horsham , in Susses , is used for roofing purposes , being split up and used like tiles , and known as healing stone . The word hell is from the same source , and originally signified the grave or a place where a person was hid or covered over . ( See Sir Geo . Cox's
" Mythology of the Aryan Nations . " ) No Sussex Mason would have any doubt that the pronunciation is like that o £ heal ( to cure ) . FREDERICK E . SAWYER , R . S . A ., Steward St . Cecilia Lodge , No . 1636 .
570 ] NOTES ON SCOTTISH FREEMASONRY . I know it is much easier to ask for some more "Scottish Notes " by my good friend brother " W . O . " than it is to write them , but knowing the facilities my friend has had for so many years to obtain special information , I feel quite certain , that if he will kindly look up some more notes of the same kind , he would not only oblige the " Alasonic
Student , " but also many other Masonic students . Also , if Bro . J . H . Neilson , of Dublin , would follow with notes on Freemasonry in Ireland , I should be especially glad , as he is one of the very few conversant with the early history and customs sf the Irish Craft . It is much to be regretted we know so little of the spread of Freemasonry in the " Emerald Isle " from 1725 . W . I . HUGHAN .
571 ] KLOSZ OR KLOSS . In answer to "A . F . A . W ., " I am afraid I can only plead habit or a whim in justification of Kloss . There is a certain German character which is usually rindered by
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software.
Ad00505
JAPAN IN LONDON . Under Royal Patronage . 250 , 000 Persons have already visited TAMAKER'S JAPANESE TILLAGE . Albert Gate , Hyde Park ( near top of Sloane St . ) . Fresh arrivals from Japan . Five streets of houses and shops constructed and peopled by the Japanese , who may be seen engaged at their various occupations as in their own country , daily . Eleven a . m . to Ten p . m ., is ., children , 6 d . ; Wednesdays , 2 s . ( 3 d ., children , is . Japanese Entertainments at Twelve , Three , and Eight ( free . ) Military Band .
Ad00506
PERILS ABOUND ON EVERY SIDE ! 105 , 000 ACCIDENTS For which Two Millions have been paid as Compensation By the RAILWAY PASSENGERS' ASSURANCE COMPANY , 64 , CORNHILL , ACCIDENTS OF ALL KINDS . Paid-up and Invested Funds , £ 260 , 000 ; Premium Income , £ 235 , 000 . CHAIRMAN . —HARVIE M . FARQUHAR , ESQ . Apply to the Clerks at the Railway Stations , the Local Agents , or West End Office : 8 , GRAND HOTEL BUILDINGS , CHARING CROSS ; or at the HEAD OFFICE : —64 , CORNHILL , LONDON , E . C . WILLIAM J . VIAN , Secretary .
To Correspondents.
To Correspondents .
WILLIAM HARDAKER . —We do not consider it either wise or expedient to give publicity to your letter . It would no doubt be very satisfactory if the old relations between the two bodies could be restored , but , in our judgment , it rests entirely with the Grand Lodge to determine when and under what conditions such restoration should take place .
The following communications stand over—CRAFT LODGES—Robert Burns , 25 ; Arboretum , 731 ; Ranelagh , S 34 ( installation ); Temple , 1094 ; Saville , 1231 ; Era , 1423 ( installation ); Wanderers , 1604 ( installation ); Creaton , 1791 . LODGE OF INSTRUCTION—Wanderers , 1604 . Consecration Prince Leopold Mark Lodge , No . 352 , at Ripon . CORRESPONDENCE— "A Student in Masonry , " "A Lancashire Freemason . " NOTES AND QUERIES—Inverness Lodge . French Freemasonry . —Masonic Concert at Cookstown .
BOOKS , & c , RECEIVED . " Court Circular , " " El Taller , " «« Masonic Truth , " " Lc Moniteur dc la Chance Utuversetle , " ¦ ' Freimaurer Zcttung , " " Orient , " "Report of thc Punjab Masonic Institution for Educating the Children of Indigent freemasons for the Year 1884 , " "Allen ' s Indian Mail , " "Buxton Advertiser , " "Jewish Chronicle , " " New Zealand Freemason , " "Sunday Times " ( New York ) , " Liberal Freemason , " " The Freemason " ( Detroit ) , " New Zealand Craftsman and Masonic Review , " " New York Dispatch , " " Masonic Advocate , " " Keystone " ( Philadelphia ) , " Hull Packet , " " Broad Arrow , " " Sunday Times" ( London ) , * ' Citizen . "
Ar00507
SATURDAY , APRIL IS , 1885 .
Original Correspondence.
Original Correspondence .
[ We do not hold ourselves responsible for , or even approving of 'he opinions expressed by our correspondents , but we wish in a spirit of fair play to all to permit—within certain necessary limits—free discussion . ]
THE BALLOT-ITS USE AND ABUSE . To the Editor of thc "Freemason . " Dear Sir and Brother , ,, I'he correspondence on this subject reminds one of me West country farmer and his estimate of light wines when first introduced at an audit dinner . In the course of tne
evening he was asked "how he liked the Claret ? " * ' I aon t altogether dislike it , " he replied , " but I don't seem w get any forwarder with it . " So with this subject of the Mllot , ' we don't seem to get any forwarder with it , " as snmvn by the letters in your last issue . lo say "the essence of the ballot is secrecv . " ! ¦_ simnlv
ro % 1 ballot )' sthe ballot ;* it does not help us as egards the question uppermost in the minds of most of Mu " ^ " - "pondents , viz ., if the ballot bc abused to black enni ^ l , s ' notfor any reason connected with such candidates , but ; itl J ° P f ' 'he W . M . having any ceremonies ; dates- petty spitc t 0 the P P ° sers oi said candihal ' , i P ut of . " ^ . atlon to the majority of a Iodge which objected ** * ° ' ufion > to lvh , ch the blackballed
as a _ -h , o J to . P ' ify the above reasons , which were cited » ™ ? M , ' o P ? "Ballot , " in his letter to the FreeconXfc 2 S ; h' > J £ th l ? '' ^ *«* abused what by theaW ) redress have the lod ges or brethren injured abso utefc ' * ;• According-to «' S . M . M . C . O . " -- ^ tel ynone . According to a " P . G . Sec . " complaint
Original Correspondence.
to the P . G . Master , according to others , "if conspiracy to black ball can be shown , or if a brother has threatened to black ball , " then a Masonic offence has been committed , and the offenders can be punished by the proper Masonic authorities . But , Sir , I humbly submit that if it be a Masonic offence to threaten or to conspire , the overt act , which fulfils the
threat , or carries out the conspiracy , must be a still greater offence . To threaten , or conspire to murder , cannot be a greater offence than murder itself . The inviolability of the ballot is sound so long as the ballot is rightly and properly used , viz ., to defend and protect the members of a lodge from the admission of
candidates whose presence might disturb its harmony , orotherwise injure its prosperity and usefulness ; but plainly it should not be abused in the manner above noted , nor used as a weapon to attack and injure the lodge or any of its members . In the cases ( a ) ( b ) ( c ) above cited , what constitutional redress do our Constitutions or our practice and customs provide?—Yours fraternally ,
G . T . BUDDEN . P . S . —A " Master Mason , " anent this subject , remarks : " Respecting a candidate not being in a good financial position , I differ , " & c . He misquotes "Ballot , " who used the constitutional phrase , " not in reputable circumstances . " Unless a man is in reputable circumstances , he cannot be a fit and proper person to be made a Mason , according to our Constitutions . —G . T . B .
THE WORD HELE . To the Editor of the " Freemason . " Dear Sir and Brother , Although both Bros . Whytehead and Stevens refer to Chaucer as using this word , neither give the chapter and verse . Indeed , Bro . Whytehead cautiously says , " I believe the word is to be found in Chaucer . "
Two or three years ago , in a letter which you kindly inserted in the Freemason . I pointed out that the word was used by Langland in the "Vision of William , concerning PIERS THE PLOWMAN , " as well as by CHAUCER , in exactly the same sense as used by us Freemasons . In " Piers the Plowman , " Passus V , lines 166 , 167 , and 16 S , we have the following passage ,
" Seynt Gregorie was a gode pope' and had a £ ode fonvit , That no priouresse were prest' for that he ordeigned . Thei had thaane ben infamis the firste day ¦ thei can so yuel hole conseille . " i . e . —they can so ill hele counsel . Our modern idiom would be—They cannot keep counsel ; the word cancelled being understood though not
expressed . Chaucer uses the . word in the " Wyf of Bathes Tale , " line 6532 : " Pardy , we wymmen can tight no thing hele , witnes on Mida . "—And she then tells the tale of Midas with the asses ears—in support of her assertion . Years ago my attention was arrested by the word " Verhelen , " in a German translation of the English Book
of Common Prayer . In the Confession the phrase , " not dissemble nor cloak them , " is rendered , " sic—weder verhelen moch bemanteln . " In GRIEB ' S German Dictionary VERHELEN is Englistic to hide , to secrete ; VERHELEN , a hider , concealer , dissembler . Its primitive HEHL , is Englistic—secresy ; the verb HEHLEN , to conceal ; and HEHLER , a concealer , a receiver of stolen
goods . The difference between our old hele and hale is similar to that between the the German Hehl and Hcil . There does not appear to be much obscurity about the word hele ; cowan seems far more difficult to tracewhether it has any other relation than that of sound to the Hebrew Cohen . I am not recondite enough to hazard an opinion . —Yours fraternally , G . T . BUDDEN .
AN ENQUIRY . To the Editor of " The Freemason . " Dear Sir and Brother , I should like to know the rule ( if any ) or custom which applies to the following case : — A candidate is initiated in Ireland , leaves the country to reside permanently in England , in a town where there is a lodge , in which he wishes to get his Second and Third
Degrees , with the consent and assistance of his original lodge . What steps are necessary to effect his purpose legally and constitutionally ? Assuming that he _ receives his Third Degree , which lodge obtains his certificate ? Also , having paid the full initiation fees in Ireland , would an English lodge ( as a rule ) confer the other Degrees free of charge?—Yours fraternally , HIBERNIAN .
THE PRINCIPLE OF THE BALLOT . To the Editor of the " Freemason . " Dear Sir and Brother , As it is " very important that there should be no mistake on such a prevailing point , " I venture to trespass on your patience again , as 1 have not yet had a satisfactory answer to my question .
With all due deference to Bro . "S . M . M . C . O . " and yourself , I think that Bro . Whytehead and I have a clear idea of what is to our mind the " pointof the matter . " Bro . "S . M . M . C . O . " rather begs the question . He quotes Laws 272-274 , as the authority of the Board for dealing with the matter , but that authority I never Questioned . On the contrary , I assumed that the Board
had proceeded according to the _ Laws ( via Law 273 ) . My point arises under Law 276 , which lays down that " when the Board has . . . decided on any case which . . requires . . . suspension , the offence shall be fully stated in the minutes , shall be declared proved , thc law relating thereto , if the offence is provided against , quoted , and the decision recorded . " As no law was quoted in the report of Grand Lodge I do
not think I made an improper request in asking for a little explanation as to what is that " principle of the ballot " which was said to be nullified . I do not think the dictionaries rjuite bear out Bro . "S . M . M . C . O ., " for his one meaning given is " a secret method of voting at elections . " Yet other meanings given are simply " a vote , " " act of voting" without reference to secrecy . A Club , of course , goes by its own laws only , and in case
Original Correspondence.
of an abuse of the ballot can take its own steps . In a parliamentary election I would remind "S . M . M . C . O . " that in certain cases it is possible to go behind the ballot . I should hardly have thought my questions in my first letter could be considered " conundrums . " Surely there
must be decisions of the Board bearing on the points I raised . But I shall be quite satisfied if I can get authoritative answers to these two questions to begin with . ( a . ) Is the " principle of the ballot" absolute and inviolable secrecy under all circumstances ? ( b . ) What law did the Board quote in their minutes as the one under which they acted ?—Yours fraternally , LEX SCRIPTA .
THE ABUSE OF THE BALLOT . To the Editor of the "Freemason . " Dear Sir and Brother , Without doubt many brethren will have been deeply interested in perusing the correspondence which has lately taken place in your paper on the above subject , and I feel confident that many , like myself , will agree with the
remarks of Bro . T . B . Whytehead , wherein he states that any brother who threatens to misuse the ballet should be summoned to appear before his lodge , so that his conduct may be made the subject of investigation . I have , during the time of my connection with the Craft , known several most worthy individuals who might to-day have been useful members of , and ornaments to , our good
old Fraternity but for the threatened misuse of the ballot . But there is one way to deal with the question , and one which , if more frequently acted on by the misused applicant for admission , would , in my humble . opinion , do more to abolish this abuse than anything else , and that is , to knock at the door of some other ledge . I know a person who , some years ago , was desirous of
becoming a Mason , and at that time , and for about seven years previously , had been living in a small provincial town . He did not contemplate seeking admission into the local lodge , but had always preferred joiningone in a neighbouring town , wherein several members of his family had been initiated and had been through the various offices ; but on his mentioning the matter to a Mason , he was advised to the
offer himself ^ to local lodge as a matter of courtesy . He at once saw the soundness ot the advices , and a brother of the local lodge undertook his proposition ; but , for some unexplained reason , that proposition was never made , and it at once became clear that he had " a friend" in the Iodge . He at once applied for admission to the lodge in the neighbouring town , was gladly received , and in due course
took his degrees . And now comes the peculiar part of the whole affair . When it became known that he had been admitted by the neighbouring lodge , several of the local brethren declared that he had acted badly in going away from the town for initiation . But , Sir , I have a very strong
impression ( and I might with safety use a stronger expression ) that the very men who said so were those who had been against his admission in the first instance . This was not thc first time that an eligible candidate had been so treated ; but I personally know that up to the present time he was thc last . —Yours fraternally , JUSTICE .
Masonic Notes And Queries.
Masonic Notes and Queries .
567 ] PASCHALIS AND CONTI . Would " G . C . D . i 744 " ( Paris ) inform me what authority there is for saying that Paschatis was propagating Masonry in 1738 ? Also how were Conti and Clermont related to each other ? Some historians confuse the two , or make them the same person . JOHN YARKER .
568 ] _ HELE . If your readers will refer to Webster ' s Dictionary , revised by Chauncy Gooderich and Noah Porte , D . D ., they will there find i "Hele ( verb trans . ) [ Anglo-Sax . and old Hicrh German helan . and new Hieh German hehlan . allied
to Latin celare ; whence Gothic and old High German hullen ; Ice ! ., hylia ; Sweden , holja ; Dan ., hylle ; to cover , vail , c . f . hill , verb trans . 2 , and conceal ] . To hide ; to conceal ; to cover j to roof gower . " This appears to me to meet the case .
MARK NATHAN , sgg . 569 ] . ¦ This word is derived from the Anglo-Saxon verb helan , to cover , hide , or conceal . In Sussex we retain many purely Saxon words , and amongst them the term heal ( or hele ) , which is generally connected with roofs . Thus an architect certifies for advances to be made to a builder when a house is hcalcd-in , i . e ., covered in , and a particular
kind of stone found near Horsham , in Susses , is used for roofing purposes , being split up and used like tiles , and known as healing stone . The word hell is from the same source , and originally signified the grave or a place where a person was hid or covered over . ( See Sir Geo . Cox's
" Mythology of the Aryan Nations . " ) No Sussex Mason would have any doubt that the pronunciation is like that o £ heal ( to cure ) . FREDERICK E . SAWYER , R . S . A ., Steward St . Cecilia Lodge , No . 1636 .
570 ] NOTES ON SCOTTISH FREEMASONRY . I know it is much easier to ask for some more "Scottish Notes " by my good friend brother " W . O . " than it is to write them , but knowing the facilities my friend has had for so many years to obtain special information , I feel quite certain , that if he will kindly look up some more notes of the same kind , he would not only oblige the " Alasonic
Student , " but also many other Masonic students . Also , if Bro . J . H . Neilson , of Dublin , would follow with notes on Freemasonry in Ireland , I should be especially glad , as he is one of the very few conversant with the early history and customs sf the Irish Craft . It is much to be regretted we know so little of the spread of Freemasonry in the " Emerald Isle " from 1725 . W . I . HUGHAN .
571 ] KLOSZ OR KLOSS . In answer to "A . F . A . W ., " I am afraid I can only plead habit or a whim in justification of Kloss . There is a certain German character which is usually rindered by