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The Scientific Magazine, And Freemasons' Repository, For January 1797.
The Russian empire , which had been divided by . Peter the Great into nine extensive governments , is now divided into five times that number , each upon ail average containing not more than from 3 to 400 , 000 males . One or more of these governments is superintended by a Namestnick , or lord-lieutenant ; and each of them has a vice-governor , a council , and civil and criminal cpurts of judicature ; some of whose members are appointed by the sovereignand others are choseii
, by the nobles . By this institution Catharine set , in some instances , bounds to the royal prerogative , by diminishing the power of those tribunals which were dependent only on the crown ; by transferring it to the nobles ; and investing them with many privileges with respect to ' the administration of justice . By establishing or separating the different boards of finance , police ,
& c . from the courts -of law , which before impeded each other by meeting in the same place , she facilitated the dispatch of business , and rendered the administration of justice more speedy . And by increasing the salaries of the judges , who before , from the narrowness of their incomes , were necessarily exposed to the almost irresistible temptations of bribery , she has rendered the administration of justice pure
and uncomtpt . To these regulations must be added the settling of the proper boundaries between the several governments , which has prevented many dissensions and law-suits ; the appointment of regular physicians and surgeons , stationed in the various districts , at the expence of the crown ;' the foundation of schools for tlie education of the nobility , andof others
for the children of inferior persons , - the establishment or augmentation of new seminaries for those intended for holy orders ; the grant of freedom to numerous vassals pf the crown ; and the plans made for facilitating the means of giving liberty to the peasants . The society for the promotion of agriculture , at Petersburgh , is an institution too important and useful to be overlooked ; the more so , as it owes its origin to the
empress . But of all the regulations made by her majesty , none claims greater pre-eminence than the . establishment of the academy at Petersburgh , for the instruction of 200 students , designed to be masters of the provincial schools . This academy is provided with professors of history , mathematics , rhetoric , and natural history ; with a German master , and a drawing masterThe students are selected from the different
semi-. naries of the Russian empire ; and , as they have received their education as priests of the regular clergy , understand Latin . 'They are admitted at twenty years of age , and remain at Petersburgh three years ; during which period they are instructed in history , geography , the various branches of natural philosophy , and natural history . They are all boardedlodgedand instructed at the c-. qjence of the sovereign .
, , At the conclusion otiheir term , their places are supplied by others , and thev are distributed in the various parts of Russia . Each provincial master thus distributed is to instruct others as preceptors of the schools in the lesser towns . The regulation of this useful establishment is entrusted tp a committee of live members , who superintend the whole , [ TO BE COKCLVDED IV Ol'll NEXT . ]
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software.
The Scientific Magazine, And Freemasons' Repository, For January 1797.
The Russian empire , which had been divided by . Peter the Great into nine extensive governments , is now divided into five times that number , each upon ail average containing not more than from 3 to 400 , 000 males . One or more of these governments is superintended by a Namestnick , or lord-lieutenant ; and each of them has a vice-governor , a council , and civil and criminal cpurts of judicature ; some of whose members are appointed by the sovereignand others are choseii
, by the nobles . By this institution Catharine set , in some instances , bounds to the royal prerogative , by diminishing the power of those tribunals which were dependent only on the crown ; by transferring it to the nobles ; and investing them with many privileges with respect to ' the administration of justice . By establishing or separating the different boards of finance , police ,
& c . from the courts -of law , which before impeded each other by meeting in the same place , she facilitated the dispatch of business , and rendered the administration of justice more speedy . And by increasing the salaries of the judges , who before , from the narrowness of their incomes , were necessarily exposed to the almost irresistible temptations of bribery , she has rendered the administration of justice pure
and uncomtpt . To these regulations must be added the settling of the proper boundaries between the several governments , which has prevented many dissensions and law-suits ; the appointment of regular physicians and surgeons , stationed in the various districts , at the expence of the crown ;' the foundation of schools for tlie education of the nobility , andof others
for the children of inferior persons , - the establishment or augmentation of new seminaries for those intended for holy orders ; the grant of freedom to numerous vassals pf the crown ; and the plans made for facilitating the means of giving liberty to the peasants . The society for the promotion of agriculture , at Petersburgh , is an institution too important and useful to be overlooked ; the more so , as it owes its origin to the
empress . But of all the regulations made by her majesty , none claims greater pre-eminence than the . establishment of the academy at Petersburgh , for the instruction of 200 students , designed to be masters of the provincial schools . This academy is provided with professors of history , mathematics , rhetoric , and natural history ; with a German master , and a drawing masterThe students are selected from the different
semi-. naries of the Russian empire ; and , as they have received their education as priests of the regular clergy , understand Latin . 'They are admitted at twenty years of age , and remain at Petersburgh three years ; during which period they are instructed in history , geography , the various branches of natural philosophy , and natural history . They are all boardedlodgedand instructed at the c-. qjence of the sovereign .
, , At the conclusion otiheir term , their places are supplied by others , and thev are distributed in the various parts of Russia . Each provincial master thus distributed is to instruct others as preceptors of the schools in the lesser towns . The regulation of this useful establishment is entrusted tp a committee of live members , who superintend the whole , [ TO BE COKCLVDED IV Ol'll NEXT . ]